intellectual disabilities Flashcards
what are misconceptions about IDs
- childish
- people with DS love to be hugged
- can’t live on their own
- love the SO
- autism is an ID (NO ONLY NDD)
what is an ID
lifelong neurodevelopmental condition
- causes impairment in cognitive, adaptive, social, and intellectual functioning
- has to occur before 22
- can learn and develop skills, just slower
- ~1% of world pop
what are the DSM V diagnostic criteria for an ID
intellectual functioning
- reasoning, language, academic performance
adaptive functioning
- are they able to perform skills and act appropriately in social settings, can they complete ADLs
timing
- has to occur in childhood (late diagnoses are usually borderline)
what is the mild ID classification
60-70 IQ
85% of ID pop
low support needs - have jobs, live independently, don’t need daily supervision
cognitive and academic pieces affected the most (3-6 grade reading level)
what is the moderate ID classification
<65 IQ
10% of ID pop
- basic numeracy and literacy skills
- can function independently but need more support
- require more consistent supervision (more daily / 3x a week)
- usually live in group home settings
what is the severe ID classification
~5% of ID pop
- no reading or writing skills, minimal language skills
- can’t use a PEC system with this group (no literacy skills)
- daily / hourly supervision (constant support)
what is the profound ID classification
<1% of ID pop
- no reading, writing, or language skills
- extensive medical needs beyond the ID
- constant support 24/7 - very high support needs
- challenges with feeding, toileting, etc
- very little research done
are IDs a multi system condition
yes
affect the NS, metabolic and digestive, musculoskeletal, and CV/resp systems
what are common affects of ID on NS
affects brain and spinal cord
- issues with intelligence and learning
- behavioural and speech disorders
- seizures are common
- frontal lobe is the most affected
what is phenylketouria
CAUSE of IDs
- when the body is unable to break down proteins properly so ketones develop in the blood, resulting in intellectual impairment
- non reversible
- babies put on low protein diet
what metabolic condition is common in ID pop
hypothyroidism
- most on medication for it
what affects do IDs have on the muscluskeletal system
- high % have flat feet
- tend to have issues with toes - due to development and ill fitting shoes
- high % of pop is super flexible
what affects do IDs have on the cardiorespiratory system
high incidence of CV disease
- 70% of deaths
what are the 3 main consequences on overall health
polypharmacy
poor nutrition
obesity
what is polypharamacy
overprescription of meds - 5+ (very common)
lots of drug interactions because its not well tracked
“helpless drug receivers” - often don’t know what the drug is for
