DCD + PA Flashcards
what is PA like in the DCD population
low PL levels (poor mvmt skills, low motivation, low peer engagement)
poor health outcomes show what happens if there’s a breakdown in the cycle
what is the difference in fine and gross motor skills in DCD
fine motor skills show bigger differences compared to typical development
what is the progression of mvmt competence and age in DCD
- hit developmental milestones
- plateau around fundamental mvmt skills (don’t get better but don’t get worse)
noticeable difference increases as kids age
what is connection between positive affect and DCD
enjoy sport more when it’s focussed on participation
- decline in affect when sport becomes competitive
what is sport enjoyment like in DCD
enjoy sport and PA less than peers
enjoyment is dictated by their perceived adequacy (think they’re good, then they’ll have fun)
adequacy = enjoyment = participation
why are school based PE programs important and effective
intro to PA for most kids
interventions are produced here
need to focus on individual success and change
what are the cognitive processes for a <8 yo
no self concept
no ability to relate to peers
no way of connecting PA, fitness, and competence to self concept
what are the cognitive processes for a 8-12 yo
- start to make connections between physical and cognitive skills
- ability to compare themselves globally (peers)
- able to look at what they do and watch peer and know if its better or worse
- biggest comparator is during recess / sport
what are the cognitive processes in an 12-18 yo
- other factors that start to influence self concept (academics, relationships, social status)
- realise that self concept can be based on non physical things
what are the implications of DCD
avoidance behaviours and different things they’ve set in place to prevent potential social implications follow into adulthood
- physical, social, and mental health
what is physical health like in kids with DCD
BMI goes up
peak VO2 - lower in DCD, keeps going down
what is physical health like in adults with DCD
- at risk for all health effects from being sedentary apply here
- poor bone mineral density, obesity, high cholesterol
- avoiding activities that benefit health
- higher rates of osteoporosis and hip fractures
what is mental health like in kids with DCD
- higher risk of mental health difficulties (as young as 8)
- poor self esteem and more likely to be bullied
what is mental health like in adults with DCD
- many non motor symptoms
- more mental health challenges than motor impairments
- high anxiety, depression, suicidal ideations, low executive functioning
what are the key points that need to be involved in interventions for those with DCD
- must be done early (as early as they can be identifed - 3)
- focus on fundamental mvmt skills with progressive challenges
- individual acivity as much as possible
- manipulate task difficulty with STEP (start very easy, and make slightly harder)