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AP100 > Integumentary system part 1 > Flashcards

Integumentary system part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

melan

A

black

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2
Q

onych

A

nail

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3
Q

plas

A

formation

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4
Q

purpur

A

purple

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5
Q

seb

A

sebum

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6
Q

squam

A

scale

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7
Q

trich

A

hair

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8
Q

xer

A

dry

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9
Q

image figure 5.1a slide 4 integumentary on quiz and test wed the 30th tes

A
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10
Q

test cell function, histology, integumentary

A
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11
Q

Structure of the Epidermis ____, keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial tissue

A

Avascular

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12
Q

____(make up 90% of the cell types)

A

Keratinocytes

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13
Q

Keratinocytes produce and fills up with ____

A

keratin

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14
Q

Keratinocytes produces _____

A

lamellar granules

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15
Q

______
8 % of epidermal cells

A

Melanocytes

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16
Q

Melanocytes produce _____

A

melanin

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17
Q

_____
arise in bone marrow and migrate to epidermis

A

Langerhans cells

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18
Q

_____
found in deepest layer of epidermis attached to keratinocytes by desmosomes

A

Merkel cells

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19
Q

Merkel cells connect to _______ (nerve endings) and may function in touch

A

Merkel (tactile) discs

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20
Q

_____ deepest layer of the epidermis

A

stratum basale

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21
Q

stratum spinosum
8 - 10 rows of closely packed ______

A

spiny, polyhedral keratinocyte cells

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22
Q

_____ 3 - 5 rows of flattened keratinocyte cells that develop darkly staining granules

A

stratum granulosum

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23
Q

stratum granulosum contain_______ for secretion of lipids for water-proofing between cells

A

lamellar granules

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24
Q

stratum granulosum cell begin to undergo ______ – genetically pre-programmed cell death involving lysosomes

A

apoptosis

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25
Q

stratum lucidum found only in the _____

A

skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet

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26
Q

stratum lucidum 3-5 layers of ___, flat, dead keratinocytes

A

clear

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27
Q

stratum corneum 25-30 rows of flat dead keratinocytes completely filled with the tough protein____ and surrounded by lipids from lamellar granules

A

keratin

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28
Q

a ____ is an abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum due to constant friction

A

callus

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29
Q

two types of skin

A

thin skin, thick skin

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30
Q

_____ is a skin condition in which keratinization is greatly accelerated (7-10 days)

A

psoriasis

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31
Q

2 layers of the dermis

A

papillary region, reticular region

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32
Q

papillary region consists of ______ with fine elastic fibers

A

areolar connective tissue

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33
Q

____ indent the epidermis and contain capillary loops Meissner’s corpuscles or corpuscles of touch

A

dermal papillae

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34
Q

reticular region consists of _____ with bundles of collagen and course elastic fibers

A

dense, irregular connective tissue

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35
Q

____ scars are slightly raised above the original wound

A

hypertrophic

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36
Q

____ abnormal healing causes the scar to extend well beyond the boundaries of the original wound

A

keloid scars

37
Q

____ is produced by melanocytes

A

melanin

38
Q

____ is a recessive disorder
unable to synthesize tyrosinase so no skin, eye or hair pigmentation

A

Albinism

39
Q

no oxygen would result in blue skin called ____

A

cyanotic

40
Q

3 things that contribute to skin color

A

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

41
Q

where does the hair grow?

A

germinal layer/matrix

42
Q

medical name for ear wax

A

surrumen

43
Q

eccrine sweat gland goes to the ______

A

surface

44
Q

apocrine sweat gland goes to the ______

A

hair follicle

45
Q

in humans, hair functions in ______

A

protection

46
Q

hair also plays a sensory role
at the base of hairs are______ (hair root plexuses) which are activated when the hair is moved

A

touch receptors

47
Q

the hair itself is ____, composed of a column of keratinized cells

A

dead

48
Q

the _____extends out of the follicle

A

shaft

49
Q

the____is below the epidermis

A

root

50
Q

______ consist of 3 layers of cells

A

the shaft and root

51
Q

_____surrounds the root

A

hair follicle

52
Q

enlarged ____ at the base of the hair follicle

A

bulb

53
Q

a ring of cells forming the _____ where the hair grows by mitosis

A

germinal layer

54
Q

_____produce oil for lubrication

A

sebaceous glands –

55
Q

_____ bands of smooth muscle that attach the hair follicle to the superficial dermis

A

arrector pili

56
Q

at the base of each hair follicle are nerve endings called ______; sensitive to hair movement or touch

A

hair root plexuses

57
Q

______ disorder of excessive hair growth in women (and some men)

A

Hirsutism -

58
Q

excess ______ (male sex hormones) normally found in only minute quantities in women

A

androgens

59
Q

A specific androgen (di-hydro-testosterone) in some males (and in some women) causes ________ by follicular miniaturization, in which the hair follicle begins to deteriorate

A

male-pattern baldness

60
Q

During the _______, cells of the matrix differentiate, keratinize, and die. As new cells are added at the base and the hair grows longer.

A

growth stage

61
Q

When growth of the hair stops, the ______ begins.

A

resting stage

62
Q

Sebaceous (Oil) Glands are usually associated with____

A

hair follicles

63
Q

the secreting portion of the sebaceous gland lies in the ____

A

dermis

64
Q

Sebaceous (Oil) Glands secrete ____ which is a mixture of ________

A

sebum, triglycerides, cholesterol, salts, proteins

65
Q

Sebaceous (Oil) Glands function
to keep hair and skin from ______
protects against the growth of some ____

A

drying out, bacteria

66
Q

_____ on the face result from accumulation of sebum in pores of the face

A

blackheads

67
Q

_____ are due to inflammation resulting from the growth of bacteria feeding on sebum in follicles enlarged due to puberty hormones

A

acne and pimples

68
Q

Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands millions of coiled, tubular glands which _______

A

open onto the skin surface

69
Q

Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands_____ is primarily a mixture of water and salts with a small amount of waste products (urea), glucose and other components

A

sweat

70
Q

Two types of sudoriferous sweat glands

A

eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands

71
Q

eccrine sweat glands associated with _____

A

watery sweat

72
Q

eccrine sweat glands_______ for temperature regulation

A

evaporative cooling

73
Q

apocrine sweat glands
______ containing ______ along with the other watery components

A

viscous sweat, lipids and proteins

74
Q

apocrine sweat glands duct opens into ________

A

hair follicles of armpits and pubic region,

75
Q

Ceruminous Glands ceru means ___

A

wax

76
Q

Ceruminous Glands found in the ear canal or _______

A

external auditory meatus

77
Q

Ceruminous Glands actually open into ducts of _______in the ear canal

A

sebaceous glands

78
Q

______ the mixture of the two gland products, provides a sticky substance to prevent the invasion of foreign bodies

A

cerumen

79
Q

fingernails are composed of tightly packed, clear and hard _______

A

keratinized cells

80
Q

the nail itself is divided into two parts

A

nail body (visible part) , nail root (buried in the skin)

81
Q

nails; ______ extends beyond the end of the digit

A

free edge

82
Q

______ is the thickened stratum corneum that secures the free edge of the nail at the fingertip

A

hyponychium

83
Q

______ or cuticle, is composed of stratum corneum and is found on the margins and proximal edge of the nail

A

eponychium

84
Q

_____(little moon) is the white crescent at the base of the nail

A

lunula

85
Q

the site of nail growth is the ____

A

matrix

86
Q

_______ underneath the root of the nail are transformed into nail cells as cells are pushed forward away from the nail root

A

epidermal cells

87
Q

Signs of inflammation are:
________________

A

redness, pain, swelling, heat, loss of function

88
Q
A

AP100 (15 decks)

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