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AP100 > Bones quiz 1 > Flashcards

Bones quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

blast

A

immature

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2
Q

chondro

A

cartilage

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3
Q

clast

A

to break

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4
Q

dia

A

through

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5
Q

epi

A

over

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6
Q

meta

A

after beyond

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7
Q

myelo

A

marrow

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8
Q

osteo

A

bone

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9
Q

peri

A

around

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10
Q

physis

A

growing

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11
Q

Functions of Bone and Skeletal System (6)

A

support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage

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12
Q

_____framework for the body

A

Support

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13
Q

____bones protect many internal organs

A

Protection

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14
Q

______skeletal muscles attach to bones & bones function as levers

A

Assistance in Movement

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15
Q

time to reform skeleton

A

7 years

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16
Q

quiz Thursday with diagram

A
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17
Q

____ bones store many minerals
such as calcium and phosphorus

A

Mineral Homeostasis

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18
Q

______ is the formation of blood cells occurring in red bone marrow

A

Blood Cell Production – hematopoiesis

19
Q

______yellow bone marrow, primarily in hollow interior of the middle portion of long bones
- Serves as a potential chemical energy reserve

A

Triglyceride Storage

20
Q

Diaphysis

A

shaft

21
Q

_____distal or proximal end of long bones.

A

Epiphysis –

22
Q

_____point of union of diapysis and epiphysis, includes epiphyseal growth plate

A

Metaphysis

23
Q

_____ thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis, found at articular (joint) surfaces

A

Articular Cartilage

24
Q

_______membrane around the outer surface of bone that is not covered by articular cartilage

A

Periosteum

25
Q

Periosteum attached to underlying bone matrix by ______of collagen

A

perforating fibers

26
Q

Periosteum ______outer layer of dense, irregular connective tissue, containing blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves that all serve the bone

A

fibrous layer -

27
Q

Periosteum ______- inner layer of elastic fibers, blood vessels and osteogenic cells (stem cells)

A

osteogenic layer

28
Q

______ space inside the diaphysis containing yellow bone marrow in adults (triglycerides for energy storage)

A

Medullary Cavity -

29
Q

______lining of the medullary cavity contains osteogenic cells and osteoclasts

A

Endosteum -

30
Q

slide 5 figure 6.1 p137 diagram for quiz

A
31
Q

Four types of cells are present in bone tissue

A

Osteogenic cells, Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, Osteoclasts

32
Q

______ Unspecialized cells (stem cells) that can undergo mitosis and develop into osteoblasts
found in the inner portion of the periosteum and in the endosteum

A

Osteogenic cells

33
Q

Bone-building cells
Synthesize extracellular matrix and mineral of bone tissue
Become trapped in the matrix and are then called osteocytes

A

Osteoblasts

34
Q

principal cell of bone tissue
mature osteoblasts trapped in the matrix
cannot divide by mitosis
do not secrete matrix materials
maintain bone tissue via exchange of nutrients, gases and wastes

A

Osteocytes

35
Q

____ huge cells derived from the fusion of as many as 50 monocytes (a blood cell)
located in the endosteum
involved in bone reabsorption (destruction of matrix)
ruffled border is the site of exocytosis of protons & lysosomal enzymes that digest bone

A

Osteoclasts

36
Q

osteoblasts become _____ after being trapped in the matrix

A

osteocytes

37
Q

calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide combine to form _____ which then combined with calcium carbonate and small amounts of magnesium, fluoride and sulfate provides hardness to the bone

A

hydroxyapatite

38
Q

all of these mineral salts are deposited upon the matrix framework formed by ______, the salts crystallize and the tissue hardens

A

collagen fibers

39
Q

all of these mineral salts are deposited upon the matrix framework formed by collagen fibers, the salts crystallize and the tissue hardens
this process is called _____or ______

A

calcification, mineralization

40
Q

______ Bone - contains few spaces
forms the external layer of all bones of the body and the bulk the diaphyses of long bones
provides support and protection
resists loading stresses

A

Compact or Dense

41
Q

_______(Haversian Canals) run along the length of bone carrying vessels and nerves

A

Central Canals

42
Q

_______ are rings of hard calcified matrix formed around the central canals, which together form ______ - the basic structural unit of compact bone

A

Concentric Lamellae, osteons

43
Q

be able to list 6 functions of bones

A

AP100 (15 decks)

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