Building blocks of life Flashcards
intermediate
situated between two structures
ipsilateral
on the same side
contralateral
on the opposite side
superficial
confined to the surface or on the surface
deep
below the surface
cranial cavity contains what?
brain
vertebral cavity contains
spinal cord
pleural cavity contains
lungs
pericardial cavity contains
heart
_________central region between the two pleural cavities which contains heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland and blood and lymphatic vessels
mediastinum
_______ contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas,
small intestine, large intestine
abdominal cavity
____ is a body cavity that in the anterior and made up of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity
Ventral body cavity
______ is the science of the basic substances which make up any type of matter and the
interactions between these substances
Chemistry
_______ is anything that occupies space and has mass
matter
_____ refers to the amount of matter in a substance
mass
______ are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties of the element in question
atoms
CHON the most abundant elements in the human body
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
4 building blocks humans need to survive
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid
simplest form of chemistry
atom
what subatomic particles are in the nucleus
protons, neutrons
______ result when an atom gives up or gains electrons and becomes positively or negatively
charged
ions
_____oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other so that some gains electrons
while the others lose electrons
ionic bonds
_________ 2 or more atoms share electrons rather than gaining or losing them
covalent bonds
Electrons like to be ____ otherwise they are very reactive
paired
glucose, water, carbon dioxide are examples of __________
covalent bonds
ions have either a _____ or _____ charge
positive or negative
___ is the capacity to work
energy
Na atom loses an electron and becomes
Na+
Cl atom gains and electron and becomes
Cl-
hydrogen ion
H+
bicarbonate ion
HCO3-
potassium ion
K+
how many electrons in a valence
8
________ energy that is absorbed or released in the breaking apart or forming of chemical
bonds
chemical energy
example; formation of glucose and breakdown of glucose is a form of _______
chemical energy
_______ energy such as heat or light energy that travels in waves
radiant energy
_________ energy that results from the flow of electrons or ions
electrical energy
________ are the making and breaking of bonds between atoms
chemical reactions
the starting substances in a chemical reaction are called the _______ or _________
reactants or substrates
the resulting substances from from chemical reactions are ______
products
______ can facilitate the creation of chemical bonds or they can help
break chemical bonds, BUT they are not consumed in the chemical reaction
catalysts
enzymes are _____
catalysts
enzymes are or are not consumed in the chemical reaction
are not
_____ either break or build up chemical bonds
catalyst
______ contain C atoms usually found in chains or rings, along with hydrogen.
organic compounds
________ store chemical energy that can be released when the compound is broken down.
Organic compounds
Acids, Bases, Salts, pH, Buffers are all examples of _______
inorganic compounds
______ dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+
, also known as protons) and anions in water
acid
_____ dissociate into hydroxide ions (OH-) and cations in water
bases
______ is a measure of the H+
concentration in solution
PH
______ dissociates into anions and cations
salt
_____ carry electrical current (salts)
electrolytes
A PH closure to 0 is more _____
acidic
what is the ph of blood? *test question
7.35-7.45
______ convert strong acids or bases into weaker acids or bases in order to bring the pH
back to near neutral
buffers
______ are variable combinations of atoms, compounds or molecules such as steel (iron
and carbon) and air (oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, etc.)
mixtures
the most common type of mixture is a ____
solution
_____ is the product of a solute dissolved in a solvent
solution
medical term for involuntary deification
encopresis
