Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Integument > Flashcards

Integument Flashcards

1
Q

2 General Layers of Skin

A

Epidermis - protective epithelial lining

Dermis - inner connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epidermis Epithelium/Derivation

A

Stratified squamos keratinized epithelium derived from ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 Kinds of Skin (and determinant)

A

Thin (hairy) skin and thick skin, determined by thickness of epidermis (specifically stratum corneum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stratum Basale (3)

A

1st Layer of Thick Skin, sits right on basement membrane
Mitotically active, cuboid cells that will eventually migrate up and eventually die
Many desmosomes/hemidesmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

5 Layers of Epidermis (int-ext)

A 
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Stratum Spinosum (4)

A

2nd layer of thick skin
Polyhedral cells - some mitotically active
Many desmosomes - intercellular bridges
Numerous IFs - tonofilaments (cytokeratin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Stratum Granulosum (4)

A

3rd layer of thick skin
3-5 layers of flattened cells
Keratohyalin granules - basophilic
Lipid-rich granules for exocytosis - waterproof barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stratum lucidum (4)

A

4th layer of thick skin
Only present in thick skin
Dying cells - no nuclei/organelles
Keratin filaments left behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stratum corneum (3)

A

5th layer of thick skin
Flattened, keratinized dead cells
Keratin filaments/granules left behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Keratinocytes (4)

A

Compose 5 layers
Produce keratin/keratin filaments (IFs)
Keratohyalin granules
Lamellar bodies for lipid production/secretion - water barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Melanocytes

A

Melanin-producing cells in stratum basale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Melanin Production/Transport/Function

A

Produced in melanocytes from tyr upon UV light activation, transported to keratinocytes of stratum spinosum via cytocrine secretion (pinched off process of melanocyte). Act as barrier to UV light by shading nucleus from sunlight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Epidermal-Melanin Unit

A

Ratio of melanocytes to keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Langerhans Cells (3)

A

Dendritic cells
Ag-presenting cells
Found in stratum spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Merkel Cells (2)

A

In stratum basale

MechanoRs for very fine pressure sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

4 Kinds of Cells in Epidermis (most-least common)

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, Merkel cells

17
Q

Dermis (composition and derivation)

A

(mainly) DIRC tissue derived from mesoderm

18
Q

2 Layers of Dermis

A

Papillary layer - superficial loose layer (loose connective tissue?)
Reticular layer - deep dense layer

19
Q

Papillary Layer (4)

A

Forms dermal ridges (papillae) to prevent shearing/increase SA
Numerous connective tissue cells (fibroblasts, mphages, mast cells)
Rich capillary supply for nourishment and temp reg
Meissner’s corpsucles - light touch

20
Q

Reticular Layer (5)

A

Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, arrector pili muslces, and hair follicles
Pacinian corpsucles - deep pressure/vibration
Muscles of facial expression insert into dermis
Cleavage (Langer’s) lines - orientation of collagen/elastic fibers, why we get wrinkles
Arteriovenous anastomoses - temperature regulation

21
Q

Hypodermis (3)

A

Loose connective tissue
Not part of skin - superficial fascia
Primarily adipose tissue

22
Q

Sweat Gland Structure (2)

A

Simple tubular gland
Coiled at bottom (secretory tubule), then straight duct (excretory duct), then coiled in epidermis to avoid tearing when skin moves

23
Q

Sweat Gland Secretion Type

A

Merocrine

24
Q

Apocrine sweat glands (3)

A

Kind of like larger sweat glands that drain into hair follicles
Wide lumen
Only in pubic region and armpits

25
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Drain sebum into hair follicles, oily coat of hair

26
Q

Sebaceous gland secretion type

A

Holocrine

27
Q

5 Functions of Skin

A 
Protection/barrier (water insoluble)
Reception (sensation and immunologic)
Excretion/water loss
Absorption (UV light for Vit D)
Temp Regulation
28
Q

Relationship of Sebaceous Gland to Arrector Pili Muscle

A

Between muscle and hair follicle, so when muscle contracts to make hair stand up on end, squeezes gland to release sebum

29
Q

Dermatoglyphs

A

Fingerprints, caused by dermal papillae for better grasping

30
Q

Skin Color Determinant

A

Melanocyte activity not #

31
Q

Vitiligo

A

Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. White spotting on skin

32
Q

Albinism

A

Lack of melanosome production, usually from lack of tyrosine enzymes

33
Q

Melanoma

A

Cancer of melanocytes. Metastasize very rapidly bc right by dermis w/ tons of blood supply

34
Q

Psoriasis

A

Overproduction of stratum basale cells so turnover skin too rapidly

35
Q

2 Kinds of Skin Repair

A

Healing by first intention - standard
Healing by second intention - if ends are too far away, fill with collagen and repair, creating nonfunctional scar tissue

36
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

In stratum basale, so close enough to break off and metastasize, but don’t grow as rapidly as melanomas so not as bad

37
Q

Squamos Cell Carcinoma

A

Stratum granulosum usually, can dig down and metastasize if aggressive enough

Histology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions