innate immunity Flashcards
what is innate immunity
its the body’s non specific, natural first line of defence (and is physical and chemical)
what are the main types of physical barriers in innate immunity
skin, mucosa, tears, saliva, urine, cilia
what is a commensal organism
a mutual relationship between 2 organisms
how do commensal organisms support your immune response
they colonise cells and help prevent infection by preventing adhesion, colonisation and producing substances that inhibit and kill pathogens
how does inflammation work as a defence barrier
it causes leukocytes to move into the tissue to destroy the microbes
what is the antiviral defence that comes into action if a microbe breaches the epithelial layer and causes inflammation
cytokine mediated reaction, that prevents viral replication and kills the virus by NK cells
what are NK cells
natural killer cells, a type of white blood cell that destroys pathogens and cells
what are the 4 main stages of innate immunity
recognise- respond - activate - eradicate
what happens during the recognise stage of innate immunity
cells recognise PAMP’s on microbes or DAMP’s on damages cells
what is a DAMP and what does it stand for
its a protein structure presented on the outside of damaged cells.
Damage Associated Molecular Patterns
what is a PAMP and what does it stand for
Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns
protein structure that’s presented on the outside of microbes in order to survive
where are neutrophils made
in bone marrow
what is the most abundant type of phagocyte
neutrophils
what is one role of neutrophils in the immune response
they secrete cytokines to promote an immune response
what do dendritic cells do during an immune response
they capture microbes and display them to lymphocytes, they can also perform phagocytosis
