all google forms quizzes Flashcards
What are cell junctions?
intercellular bridges made up of structural proteins that allow cells to communicate
Gap junctions are gated channels which can change in permeability, TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Which of these are mainly found in tight junctions?
1- CONNEXONS
2- CLAUDINS AND OCCLUDINS
3- CADHERINS
4- ACTIN
claudins and occludins
Which of these are mainly found in gap junctions?
1- CONNEXONS
2- CLAUDINS AND OCCLUDINS
3- CADHERINS
4- ACTIN
connexons
which of these are mainly found in desmosomes?
1- CONNEXONS
2- CLAUDINS AND OCCLUDINS
3- CADHERINS
4- ACTIN
cadherens
plasmodesmata are found in all animal cells? TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
what does the extra cellular matrix of an animal include?
collagen and fibronectin
which IS NOT a function of the extra cellular matrix?
1 - Space filler
2 - Prevent homeostasis
3 - Influence tissue development
4 - Regulate molecular movement
prevent homeostasis
X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is linked to what type of junction?
gap junctions
Hyperkeratosis and onychodystrophy are linked to what type of junction?
desmosomes
Low magnesium and high calcium in the blood is linked to what type of junction?
tight junctions
If the immune system is triggered without ever reacting to an antigen, is it ACTIVE OR PASSIVE IMMUNITY
passive immunity
Does active or passive immunity work in an immunodeficient host
passive
is adoptive transfer active or passive immunity
passive immunity, as they’re being injected with another persons antibodies
what type of immunisation is mother to infant immunoglobulin transfer an example of
natural passive immunity
which immunoglobulin protects the foetus during development
IgG
do T cells increase or decrease in pregnancy
decreases
does the Th2 response increase or decrease in pregnancy
increases
what vaccination type(s) contain dead or inactive component of a pathogen
TIIV
In escape mechanisms, which of the below mutations leads to a different presentation at one specific site?
1 - Antigenic drift
2 - Antigenic shift
3 - Antigenic lift
antigenic drift
In escape mechanisms, which of the below mutations leads to a different presentation at multiple different sites?
1 - Antigenic drift
2 - Antigenic shift
3 - Antigenic lift
antigenic shift
Which of the below is an example of a toxoid vaccination
1 - Hepatitis A
2 - Tetanus
3 - Thyphoid
4 - Sars-COV-2
tetanus
what does LAIV stand for
live attenuated influenza virus
what does ADCC stand for in monoclonal antibody therapy
Antibody dependant cellular cytotoxicity
what monoclonal antibody mechanism results in phagocytosis
CDCP
what is a eukaryote
a cell or organism with a clearly defined membrane bound nucleus
what is a prokaryote
a cell or an organism without a clearly defined membrane bound nucleus
define species
a group of similar organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Microbes which live and thrive on the human body could be an example of what?
mesophiles
a mid halophile is an example of a microbe which prefers what type of condition
salt
what is a microbiome
The genetic material of all of the microorganisims in one specific environment or location at one time
Which of the below is NOT a function of commensal bacteria in the lungs?
1 - Trigger the immune response
2 - Recognise external invaders
3 - Allow colonisation of pathogenic bacteria
4 - Produce antimicrobial products and signals
allow colonisation of pathogenic bacteria
How are spermatozoa adapted to carry out its function?
They have enzymes to break down external layers of the ovum
How are the ovum adapted to carry out their functions?
they have protective external layers for species specific recognition
Which of the below is a strength of cell culture?
1 - Have a limited lifeline
2 - Have reduced hetrogeneity
3 - Continual maintenance required
4 - Can control the micro-environment
can control the micro environment
Which of the below is a limitation of cell culture?
1 - Have a limited lifeline
2 - Have been used to reduce animal testing
3 - Can be stored long term
4 - Can control the micro-environment
they have a limited lifeline
What is primary endosymbiosis?
where a eukaryotic cell engulfs a prokaryotic cell
what is secondary endosymbiosis
Where a eukaryotic cell engulfs a eukaryotic cell