inintro lecture Flashcards
what is in the basic metabolic panel
- glucose
- albumin
- total protein
- sodium
- potassium
- chloride
- blood urea nitrogen
- creatinine
- CO2
what is in the complete metabolic panel a combination of
combo of basic and liver panel
what gets tested in the CMP
basic panel and liver
- ALT
- AST
- ALP
- total biliruben
what is in a lipid profile
- triglycerides
- cholesterol
- HDL
- LDL
how does fasting effect lipid panel
affects glucose and triglycerides
what is the matrix of choice
- plasma or serum
- urine
- feces
- other body fluids
what do photometric instruments measure
light intesity without consideration of wavelengthd
define beers law
concentration of a substance is directly proportional to the right amount of light absorbed
what do spectrophotometric instruments measure
light transmitted by a soln to determine concentration of light absorbing substance in system
what is the electromagnetic specturm
protons of energy travelling in a wave where one wavelength is a complete wave cycle
what are the two kinds of light sources used
- tungston: most common, used for visible and infrared
- deuterium: used for UV
what is the order of mechanisms used on light in a spectrophotometer
- light source
- entrance slit
- monochromator
- exit slit
- sample cuvette
- detector
what is percent transmittance
T/I *100
T= radiant energy transmitted
I= incident radiant energy
what does high transmittance and low transmittence correlate to
high T = clearer, more light transmitted through sample
lower T = less light through sample
what are the two kinds of photodetectors
photo cell - less sensitive
photo tube - external power supply
describe a photomultiplier in a dynode chain
dyodes - series of anodes with higher voltages that bounce electrons around
multiplier - dyodes incerase in power each time
what is the order of events in a dynode chain of electrons
electrons - amps - volts - absorbance
-> amps proportional to power of light
what are two common absorbance samples used to check wavelength
didymium or holmium oxide
atomic adsorption spectrophotometer
adsorption of electromagnetic radiation by atoms rather than molecules
fluorometry
fluorescence for concentration measurement
- very sensitive to changes
chemiluminesence
emission of light by molecules in excited states produced by chemical rxns
- need lots of calibrations due to background signals
turbidimetry
concentration of particulate matter in a sample depends on concentration and particle size
nephelometry
scatter light measured by detector at 90 degrees from incident light
