Inguinal Canal and Male External Genitalia Session 24 Flashcards
how is the inguinal canal related to the inguinal ligament
superior and parallel to the ligament
how long is the inguinal canal in the adult
5cm
what is at the beginning and end of the inguinal canal
deep and superficial inguinal ring
what is the deep inguinal ring
aperture in transversalis fascia
what is the superficial inguinal ring
aperture in external oblique aponeurosis
what r the 4 borders of the inguinal canal: anterior, posterior, roof and floor
anterior: external oblique aponeurosis
posterior: transversalis fascia
roof: transversalis facia and fibres of internal oblique and transversalis abdominis
floor: inguinal ligament
what r the structures in the female inguinal canal (3)
round ligament of uterus
ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
what r the male contents of the inguinal canal contained within
spermatic cord
what r the general contents of the spermatic cord (3334)
3 nerves
3 arteries
3 fascial layers
4 others
what r the nerves in the male inguinal canal (3) and which of these are in the spermatic cord
ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral
sympathetic nerve fibres (this one)
what r the arteries in the spermatic cord (3)
testicular
cremasteric
artery to vas deferens
what r the fascial layers of the spermatic cord (3) and where r they from
external spermatic fascia (external oblique apon)
cremasteric muscle and fascia (IO)
internal spermatic fascia (Transversalis fascia)
what r the 4 other structures in the spermatic cord
pampiniform plexus
lymphatics
vas deferens
processes veginalis
where is the processes vaginalis from and what does it connect
derived from peritoneum
connects peritoneal sac around testes to peritoneal sac in the abdomen
what is an indirect hernia
intra abdominal contents forced through deep inguinal ring and into inguinal canal
what is a direct hernia
intra-abdominal contents r forced through the posterior wall of inguinal canal into the superficial ring
which is more superior superficial or deep ring?
deep
what r the layers of the testes and appearance
same layers as spermatic cord (external spermatic, cremasteric, internal spermatic) and outer tunica vaginalis which is a white outer covering
what is the function of the testes (2)
produce spermatids and secretes testosterone
where is the tunica vaginalis derived from
peritoneum
what is in each half of the scrotum? (3)
testes, epididymus and lower part of spermatic cord
what is the septum between the two halves of the scrotum formed by
superficial fascia forms a septum in between halves
name the layers of the scrotum from outer to inner and their characteristic (2)
skin: thin wrinkled and darkly pigmented
thin layer superficial fascia
dartos muscle- thin involuntary muscle
what is the function of the epididymis, how long does this take
stores spermatids to mature into spermatazoa
64 days
what is the structure of the epididymis
superiorly has an expanded head
body
tail at lower pole of testes connects to vas deferens
where is the epididymis in relation to testes
lies on posterior border of testes
function of vas deferens
carried sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct ampulla
how does the vas deferens terminate
by becoming the ejaculatory duct
path of vas deferens from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct
starts at tail of epididymis and runs with testicular vessels in spermatic cord
enters deep inguinal ring
passes to side wall of pelvis
turns medially onto back of bladder where it has an ampulla next to seminal vesicles
what does the testicular artery supply and what is it a branch of
epididymis and testes
branch of abdominal aorta
what is the arterial supply of the scrotum
anterior and posterior scrotal arteries
what is the blood supply to the vas deferens a branch of
superior vesical artery
what structures does the pampiniform venous plexus drain from
testes and epididymis
what vein does the pampiniform plexus drain into and how
coalesces to form the testicular vein
how does gonadal vein drain on the right and left into the IVC
left- into renal first then IVC
right- straight into IVC
function of penis
male organ of sexual intercourse
what r the basic components of the penis (hint: 3)
3 cylinders of erectile tissue
what r the erectile tissues of the penis and their location in the penis (3)
2 corpora cavernosa (top)
1 corpus spongionsum (bottom)
what r the erectile tissues of the penis covered in
bucks fascia
what happens to the erectile tissues at the glans
corpora cavernsoa stop
corpus spongiosum continues and expands
what are the two things the penile urethra carried and what tissue is it located in
carries urine and semen
corpus spongiosum
what is the navicular fossa and where is it
dilation of penile urethra as it reaches the end of the penis in the glans
what comes after the navicular fossa
external urethral meatus
what is the arterial supply of penis (1) and its origin
penile artery from internal pudendal from internal iliac from common iliac from abdominal aorta
what is the general sensation and sympathetic innervation of penis, its spinal origin and its branches
dorsal nerve S2-S4, pudendal nerve from sacral plexus
what is the venous drainage of the penis (2)
superficial and deep dorsal vein
what allows for male erection
increase in arterial flow to all three erectile compartments
what is the role of corpus spongiosum during erection
prevents urethra being compressed during ejaculation
what is the role of corpora cavernosa during erection
become engorged to make the penis hard and rigid
what is the role of bucks fascia during erection
limits amount fo blood flow during an erection
what r seminal vesicles
lobulated sacs lateral to ampulla of vas derens
what does the seminal vesiscle secrete
thick alkaline fluid (semen)
what is the ejaculatory duct made of
vas deferens + seminal vesicles
what is the path of the ejaculatory duct
pierces back of prostate glands and enters prostatic urethra
what is the prostate and where is it located
round fibromuscular gland
neck of bladder
what pierces the prostate gland
urethra and ejaculatory duct
what is the glans penis made entirely of
corpus spongiosus
