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Anatomy > Inguinal Canal and Male External Genitalia Session 24 > Flashcards

Inguinal Canal and Male External Genitalia Session 24 Flashcards

1
Q

how is the inguinal canal related to the inguinal ligament

A

superior and parallel to the ligament

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2
Q

how long is the inguinal canal in the adult

A

5cm

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3
Q

what is at the beginning and end of the inguinal canal

A

deep and superficial inguinal ring

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4
Q

what is the deep inguinal ring

A

aperture in transversalis fascia

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5
Q

what is the superficial inguinal ring

A

aperture in external oblique aponeurosis

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6
Q

what r the 4 borders of the inguinal canal: anterior, posterior, roof and floor

A

anterior: external oblique aponeurosis
posterior: transversalis fascia
roof: transversalis facia and fibres of internal oblique and transversalis abdominis
floor: inguinal ligament

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7
Q

what r the structures in the female inguinal canal (3)

A

round ligament of uterus
ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

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8
Q

what r the male contents of the inguinal canal contained within

A

spermatic cord

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9
Q

what r the general contents of the spermatic cord (3334)

A

3 nerves
3 arteries
3 fascial layers
4 others

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10
Q

what r the nerves in the male inguinal canal (3) and which of these are in the spermatic cord

A

ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral
sympathetic nerve fibres (this one)

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11
Q

what r the arteries in the spermatic cord (3)

A

testicular
cremasteric
artery to vas deferens

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12
Q

what r the fascial layers of the spermatic cord (3) and where r they from

A

external spermatic fascia (external oblique apon)
cremasteric muscle and fascia (IO)
internal spermatic fascia (Transversalis fascia)

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13
Q

what r the 4 other structures in the spermatic cord

A

pampiniform plexus
lymphatics
vas deferens
processes veginalis

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14
Q

where is the processes vaginalis from and what does it connect

A

derived from peritoneum

connects peritoneal sac around testes to peritoneal sac in the abdomen

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15
Q

what is an indirect hernia

A

intra abdominal contents forced through deep inguinal ring and into inguinal canal

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16
Q

what is a direct hernia

A

intra-abdominal contents r forced through the posterior wall of inguinal canal into the superficial ring

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17
Q

which is more superior superficial or deep ring?

A

deep

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18
Q

what r the layers of the testes and appearance

A

same layers as spermatic cord (external spermatic, cremasteric, internal spermatic) and outer tunica vaginalis which is a white outer covering

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19
Q

what is the function of the testes (2)

A

produce spermatids and secretes testosterone

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20
Q

where is the tunica vaginalis derived from

A

peritoneum

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21
Q

what is in each half of the scrotum? (3)

A

testes, epididymus and lower part of spermatic cord

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22
Q

what is the septum between the two halves of the scrotum formed by

A

superficial fascia forms a septum in between halves

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23
Q

name the layers of the scrotum from outer to inner and their characteristic (2)

A

skin: thin wrinkled and darkly pigmented
thin layer superficial fascia
dartos muscle- thin involuntary muscle

24
Q

what is the function of the epididymis, how long does this take

A

stores spermatids to mature into spermatazoa

64 days

25
Q

what is the structure of the epididymis

A

superiorly has an expanded head
body
tail at lower pole of testes connects to vas deferens

26
Q

where is the epididymis in relation to testes

A

lies on posterior border of testes

27
Q

function of vas deferens

A

carried sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct ampulla

28
Q

how does the vas deferens terminate

A

by becoming the ejaculatory duct

29
Q

path of vas deferens from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

A

starts at tail of epididymis and runs with testicular vessels in spermatic cord
enters deep inguinal ring
passes to side wall of pelvis
turns medially onto back of bladder where it has an ampulla next to seminal vesicles

30
Q

what does the testicular artery supply and what is it a branch of

A

epididymis and testes

branch of abdominal aorta

31
Q

what is the arterial supply of the scrotum

A

anterior and posterior scrotal arteries

32
Q

what is the blood supply to the vas deferens a branch of

A

superior vesical artery

33
Q

what structures does the pampiniform venous plexus drain from

A

testes and epididymis

34
Q

what vein does the pampiniform plexus drain into and how

A

coalesces to form the testicular vein

35
Q

how does gonadal vein drain on the right and left into the IVC

A

left- into renal first then IVC

right- straight into IVC

36
Q

function of penis

A

male organ of sexual intercourse

37
Q

what r the basic components of the penis (hint: 3)

A

3 cylinders of erectile tissue

38
Q

what r the erectile tissues of the penis and their location in the penis (3)

A

2 corpora cavernosa (top)

1 corpus spongionsum (bottom)

39
Q

what r the erectile tissues of the penis covered in

A

bucks fascia

40
Q

what happens to the erectile tissues at the glans

A

corpora cavernsoa stop

corpus spongiosum continues and expands

41
Q

what are the two things the penile urethra carried and what tissue is it located in

A

carries urine and semen

corpus spongiosum

42
Q

what is the navicular fossa and where is it

A

dilation of penile urethra as it reaches the end of the penis in the glans

43
Q

what comes after the navicular fossa

A

external urethral meatus

44
Q

what is the arterial supply of penis (1) and its origin

A

penile artery from internal pudendal from internal iliac from common iliac from abdominal aorta

45
Q

what is the general sensation and sympathetic innervation of penis, its spinal origin and its branches

A

dorsal nerve S2-S4, pudendal nerve from sacral plexus

46
Q

what is the venous drainage of the penis (2)

A

superficial and deep dorsal vein

47
Q

what allows for male erection

A

increase in arterial flow to all three erectile compartments

48
Q

what is the role of corpus spongiosum during erection

A

prevents urethra being compressed during ejaculation

49
Q

what is the role of corpora cavernosa during erection

A

become engorged to make the penis hard and rigid

50
Q

what is the role of bucks fascia during erection

A

limits amount fo blood flow during an erection

51
Q

what r seminal vesicles

A

lobulated sacs lateral to ampulla of vas derens

52
Q

what does the seminal vesiscle secrete

A

thick alkaline fluid (semen)

53
Q

what is the ejaculatory duct made of

A

vas deferens + seminal vesicles

54
Q

what is the path of the ejaculatory duct

A

pierces back of prostate glands and enters prostatic urethra

55
Q

what is the prostate and where is it located

A

round fibromuscular gland

neck of bladder

56
Q

what pierces the prostate gland

A

urethra and ejaculatory duct

57
Q

what is the glans penis made entirely of

A

corpus spongiosus

Anatomy (28 decks)

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