External Pharynx Session 7 Flashcards
what is the pharynx
muscular tube to the respiratory and alimentary tracts
what r the openings of the pharynx
anterior: nasal and oral cavity
inferior: larynx and oesophagus
what r the three parts of the pharynx
nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx
what is the location of the nasopharynx
behind nasal cavity
what is the location of the oropharynx
behind oral cavity
what is the location of the hypopharynx
behind the larynx
what r the three pharyngeal constrictor muscles
superior, middle and inferior constrictor muscles
what r the attachments of the superior constrictor muscle
origin: medial pterigoid plate and pterygomandibular raphe
what is the extent of the pterygomandibular raphe
extends from the medial pterygoid plate to mandible
middle constrictor muscle origin
hyoid bone
inferior constrictor muscle origin
thyroid cartilage (thyropharyngeus) cricoid cartilage (cricopharyngeus)
characteristic of the inner aspects of the constrictor muscles what what does this do
lined by thick pharyngobasilar fascia
bridges gap between superior constrictor and base of skull
what 3 things is the thick pharyngobasilar fascia attached to
pharyngeal tubercle, eustachian tube and medial pterygoid plate
what is the pharyngeal plexus formed from
CN 10 and 11
what is the weakest part of the pharyngeal wall, where is it located and what is it called
lower part of pharynx in midline, betweenthe diverging fibres of thyropharyngeal part of inferior constrictor, Kilian’s dehiscence
what is the structure of the cervical sympathetic chain
three ganglia in the neck:
- prominent superior cervical ganglia below skull
- smaller middle cervical ganglion (can be absent)
- larger inferior ganglion
characteristic of inferior ganglion of cervical sympathetic chain
often fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form the stellate ganglion
what is the stellate ganglion
fusion of first thoracic ganglion with the inferior ganglion
what is the location of the stellate ganglion
nerves located in transverse process of level of 6th/ 7th vertebrae
what is the superior laryngeal nerve a branch of and what is its path
vagus
large branch that passes down from the top of the neck, travels medially, passes over the carotid arteries and disappears between the gap fo the inferior and middle constrictor muscle
what r the branches of the superior laryngeal nerve
internal and external laryngeal nerve
what is the internal laryngeal nerve and what does it supply
sensory nerve to larynx above vocal cords
what does the external laryngeal nerve supply
cricothyroid muscle and cricopharyngeal part of inferior constrictor
what is the carotid sinus and what is it innervated by
swelling at the origin of the common carotid artery
CN 9
what 2 things does the tympanic branch of CN 9 supply
middle ear, eustachian tube
what is the origin of stylopharyngeus
styloid process
where can the hypoglossal nerve be found and what is its path
between the mandible and ICA
curves forwards and disappears into the tongue
what is a pharyngeal pouch
high pressure of swallowing causes mucosa to bulge from Killian’s dehiscence
food builds up and decomposes in pouch= bad breath and issues swallowing
function of carotid sinus and motor an sensory innervation innervation of the bp reflex
measures blood pressure
sensory signal= CN 9, motor signal= vagus to slow the heart rate
significance of losing sensation of CN 9
during swallowing, cannot detect fluid passing into larynx= fluid enters lungs and cause infections
what is the carotid sheath
fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the vascular compartment of the neck
contents of carotid sheath (5)
internal jugular vein common carotid artery bifurcation vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerves cervical ganglion CN 7,9,10,11,12
what is the muscle that the glossopharyngeal nerve travels along in the neck
stylopharangeus
