Bony Pelvis, Pelvic Floor and Perineum Session 26 Flashcards
where does the inguinal ligament run to and from
ASIS to pubic TUBERCLE
mid inguinal point and what is palpable here
mid point form ASAS to pubic SYMPHYSIS
femoral artery
male vs female pelves (3)
- wider circular pelvic inlet for females, narrower for males
- obtuse angle by inferior pubic rami in females, acute in males
- shorter less anterior sacrum in females than males
key branches of internal illiac artery (5)
vesical: bladder, prostate and seminal vesicles in males uterine/ vaginal: females middle rectal: rectum internal pudendal: perineum sup/ info gluteal: gluteus muscles
what drains the pelvic organs
several venous plexuses that unit and drain into internal iliac vein
key nerves from sacral plexus and spinal roots (4)
sciatic L4-S3
pudendal S2-S4
sup/ inf gluteal L4-S2
pelvic splachnic S2-S4
where r sympathetic fibres that innervate the pelvic viscera derived from
lumbar splanchnic nerves
2 muscles that make up the pelvic floor
levator ani and coccygeus
what is the pelvic floor
muscles that support the pelvic organs from below
functions of pelvic floor muscles
prevent herniation out of pelvis
control sphincter action for urethra and rectum
increase intra-abdominal pressure
what is the levator ani made up of (3)
puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
nerve supply to levator ani and spinal roots (2)
nerve to levator ani S4 and pudendal nerve S2-4
where is the perineum located in relation to pelvic floor, thighs and pubic symphysis
superficial and inferior to pelvic floor
between pubic symphysis and coccyx
between medial surfaces of thigh
arterial supply to perineum
nervous supply to perineum
internal pudendal
pudendal nerve
what r the two parts of the perineum and their relation to each other
what separates them
anal triangle posterior
urogential triangle anterior
line between ischial tuberosities
what is the content of anal triangle (2)
opening of anus and external anal sphincter
layer of urogenital triangle (5)
skin perineal fascia superficial perineal pouch perineal membrane deep perineal pouch
perineal fascia
continuation of fascia from abdominal wall muscles
superficial perineal puch
erectile tissues and ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal muscles
perineal membrane
holes for urethra and vagina
strong fibrous membrane that supports attachment of ischiocavernosis and bulbospongiosus
what r the muscles of the pelvic floor attached to perineal body
levator ani external anal sphincter external urethral sphincter superficial and deep trasnverse perineal muscles bulbospongiosus
where is the perineal body
membrane and muscle between the two triangles of perineum
what does the crura of the corpora cavernosa refer to
attachment to ischial ramus
what is the bulb of the penis
part of corpus spongiosum on the perineal membrane
what happens to the corpus spongiosum in females and what can these be referred to as
splits to flank the vaginal opening
bulb of vestibules/ clitoris
what covers the corpora cavernosa
ischiocavernosus muscle
what covers the corpus spongiosum
bulbospongiosus muscle
function of bulbospongiosus in males (2)
maintains erection by compressing veins
contract to squeeze out remaining urine/ semen from urethra
function of bulbospongiosus in females (2)
maintains clitoral erection
constricts around vaginal origice= expression of fluid from greater vestibular glands
function of ishciocavernosis in males and females
stabilises erect clitoris and erect penis
what is the muscle that runs along the border of the two perineal triangles and which pouch is this in
superficial transverse perineal muscle
superficial perineal pouch
