Infratemporal Fossa and Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards
Boundaries of Infratemporal fossa
Lateral: ramus of mandible Anterior: maxilla Medial: lateral pterygoid plate Roof: sphenoid Posterior: tympanic plate and mastoid/styloid processes Inferior: angle of mandible
What foramen should you associate with the infratemporal fossa?
Foramen ovale
Contents of the infratemporal fossa
Inferior part of temporalis m. Pterygoid ms. Maxillary a. (mandibular and pterygoid parts) Pterygoid venous plexus Branches of V3 Chorda tympani n. (CN VII) Otic ganglion
What muscle can obscure some of the structures in the infratemporal fossa?
Lateral pterygoid m.
Arteries likely to be seen in the mandibular part of maxillary a.?
Middle meningeal a.
Inferior alveolar a.
What are branches from pterygoid part of maxillary a.?
Deep temporal a.
Pterygoid branches
Masseteric a.
Buccal a.
Must see these as. go into ms.
Explain buccal n. (CN V) vs. buccal branch
Buccal n. is sensory to the buccinator area, while buccal branch of facial n. is motor to buccinator m.
Branches of V3
Buccal n.
Lingual n.
Inferior alveolar n.
Auriculotemporal n.
What innervates tensor palatini m., tensor tympani m. and mylohyoid m.?
V3, mandibular n.
Which nerve splits around the MMA?
Auriculotemporal n.
Which 2 nerves communicate to travel to the lacrimal gland?
Zygomaticotemporal n. (V2) and lingual n. (V1)
Which nerves are blocked during dental procedures for the maxillary teeth?
Middle superior alveolar n. and anterior superior alveolar n. from intraorbital n. (V2).
Posterior superior alveolar n. (V2)
Structure in danger with fracture to neck of mandible
Maxillary a.
Structures in danger with fracture of ramus of mandible?
Inferior alveolar a./n.
Structures in danger with fracture of corpus of mandible?
Possibly the inferior alveolar structures, depending of the fx location.
Muscles of mastication
Innervation?
Temporalis m.
Masseter m.
Lateral pterygoid m.
Medial pterygoid m.
CN V (V3)
Ms. for elevation of mandible
Temporalis m.
Masseter m.
Medial pterygoid ms.
Ms. for depression of mandible
Lateral pterygoid ms.
Suprahyoid and infrahyoid ms.
Ms. for protrusion of mandible
Lateral pterygoid ms.
Medial pterygoid ms.
Masseter m.
Ms. for retrusion of mandible
Temporalis m.
Masseter m.
Ms. for lateral movements of the mandible
Ipsilateral temporal m. and masseter m.
Contralateral pterygoid ms.
Ls. of TMJ:
Function:
Stylomandibular l.
Sphenomandibular l.
Limit inferior movement of TMJ.
What muscle inserts on the articular disk of the TMJ?
Lateral pterygoid m.
When the jaw opens, what happens at the TMJ?
It disarticulates anteriorly after approx. 15 degrees.
Nerve contributions to the TMJ
Mandibular n. (V3) –> auriculotemporal n., deep temporal n., and masseteric n.
Where is an inferior alveolar nerve block performed?
Lateral to pterygomandibular raphe.
Where is an infraorbital n. nerve block performed?
Between teeth and upper lip.
What gives rise to the nasal septum? (3)
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
Septal cartilage
Vomer
Nasal concha vs. turbinates
Cochae are the bones themselves, while turbinates are bones covered in mucosa.
Superior and middle nasal concha are part of what bone?
Ethmoid bone
Olfactory vs. respiratory areas of the nasal cavity
Olfactory is superior 1/3
Respiratory is inferior 2/3
Boundaries of nasal cavity
Roof: frontal, ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
Floor: maxilla and palatine bone.
Medial wall: nasal septum.
Lateral wall: nasal conchae.
What is the opening of sphenoid sinus? Where?
Spheno-ethmoidal recess in superior concha.
What is the opening of the ethmoid sinuses? Where?
Superior nasal meatus, inferior to the superior concha.
What is the opening to the frontal sinus? Where?
Middle nasal meatus, inferior to middle concha.
What is the opening to maxillary sinus? Where?
Maxillary ostium, inferior to middle nasal concha.
What is the opening for the nasolacrimal duct? Where?
Inferior nasal meatus, inferior to the inferior concha.
Arterial supply to the nasal cavity
Maxillary a. –> sphenopalatine a., ethmoidal as., greater palatine a.
Facial a. –> superior labial a., lateral nasal a.
Arterial supply and innervation of maxillary sinus
Superior alveolar a. and greater palatine a.
Superior alveolar n.
Arterial supply and innervation of ethmoid sinus
Ethmoidal as. (from ophthalmic a.)
Nasociliary n. (V1)
Arterial supply and innervation of sphenoid sinus
Posterior ethmoidal a.
Posterior ethmoidal n.
Arterial supply and innervation of frontal sinus
Supraorbital a.
Supraorbital n. (V1)
Superior opening of pterygopalatine fossa
Inferior orbital fissure
Inferior opening of pterygopalatine fossa
Closed except for palatine foramen
Opening between middle cranial fossa and PP fossa
Foramen rotundum
Contents of PP fossa (3)
Maxillary n. (V2)
Pterygopalatine ganglion
3rd part of maxillary a.
Arteries of PP fossa
Descending palatine a. Posterior-superior alveolar a. Infraorbital a. A. of pterygoid canal Sphenopalatine a.
Kiesselbach area
Where all 5 arteries supplying the nasal cavity anastomose. If cut, it can bleed profusely.
