Infectious Dz Flashcards
Fungus, lungs, CNS, HIV, Papilledema, CT scan, Cryptococcal antigen, India ink stain, Amphotericin B, Fluconazole
Cryptococcus
Fungus, bird and bat droppings, Lung, Hilar/Mediastinal lymphadenopathy, histoplasma antigen, Itraconazole
Histoplasmosis
AIDS, <200 CD4 count, bilateral interstitial infiltrates, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Pneumocystis
Strep pharyngitis, 2 weeks post-infxn, Jones criteria, PCN
Rheumatic fever
JONES (Joint involvement, O looks like a heart = myocarditis, Noduls (subQ), Erythema marginatum, Sydenham chorea)
Sydenham chorea (SD) is characterized by rapid, irregular, and aimless involuntary movements of the arms and legs, trunk, and facial muscles.
Descending weakness/paralysis, canned food, raw honey in infants, PCN, Antitoxin through CDC
Botulism
Profuse rice water diarrhea
Cholera
Pharyngitis, gray membrane, antitoxin, PCN or erythromycin
Diphtheria
Trismus (lock jaw), contraction, spasms, dirty wound, immunization
Tetanus
Mycoplasma, night sweats, productive cough, hemoptysis, CXR with apical infiltrates, acid fast bacilli smear, RIPE, Isoniazid + B6
Tuberculosis
RIPE (Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol)
Cat feces, undercooked meat, pregnancy, cerebral abscess, multiple ring enhancing lesions
Toxoplasmosis
Deer tick, Northeastern states, erythema migrans, carditis, AV block, Bells palsy, clinical dx, doxycycline, amoxicillin, cerufoxime
Lyme dz
Mononucleoiss, pharyngitis, posterior cervical lymph nodes, morbilliform rash with amoxicillin/ampicillin, splenomegaly
Epstein Barr Virus
Painful vesicles that ulcerate, prodrome, PCR, culture, or serology, antivirals
Herpes simplex virus
Varicella zoster virus, >50 y/o women, pain before rash, dermatome, hutchinson’s sign, post-herpetic neuralgia, antivirals
Herpes zoster
Hutchinson’s sign is defined as skin lesions at the tip, side, or root of the nose. This is a strong predictor of ocular inflammation and corneal denervation in HZO, especially if both branches of the nasociliary nerve are involved.
Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots
Measles
Parotid gland swelling, elevated amylase
Mumps
Forchheimer spots
Rubella
Forchheimer spots are a fleeting enanthem seen as small, red spots (petechiae) on the soft palate in 20% of patients with rubella. They precede or accompany the skin rash of rubella. They are not diagnostic of rubella, as similar spots can be seen in measles and scarlet fever.
Slapped cheek appearance, parvo virus B19
Erythema infectiosum
High fever, resolves, followed by rash, herpes virus 6/7, 6 months old
Roseola
Attacks CD4 cells, asymptomatic, ELISA, Western blot, everyone is tx, two NRTI and NNRTI
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Dog tick, rash on wrists spreading centrally, affects palms and soles, doxycycline
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Treponema, painless genital ulcer, rash affecting palms and soles, dark field microscopy, RPR, FTA-ABS, PCN
Syphilis
