Cardiology Flashcards
Orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, jugular venous distension, S3
CHF
Sudden death in athlete
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Fixed wide splitting of S2
Atrial Septal Defect
XR, rib notching, 3 sign
Coarctation of Aorta
Machine like murmur
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Cyanosis with crying or feeding, squatting down
Tetralogy of Fallot
Holosystolic murmur
ventricular septal defect
Hypotensive, cool, clammy skin, and MI
Cardiogenic shock
Irregularly irregular rhythm
Atrial Fibrillation
Saw tooth pattern
Atrial Flutter
Long PR interval
AV block
Progressively lengthening PR interval
Mobitz I (wenckebach, second degree)
Dropped QRS without lengthening
Mobitz 2
Independent P wave and QRS complex
Third degree heart block
Narrow complex tachycardia
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Chest pain relieved with rest
Stable angina
Diffuse ST segment elevations, coronary artery spasm
Prinzmetal Angina
UA, STEMI, NSTEMI, Morphine, Nitrates, loading does of P2y12 (Plavix, platelet inhibitor)
Acute Coronary Syndrome
No Beta Blockers! give BZDs
Cocaine Induced MI
Tobacco - ultrasound > 65 y/o
Aortic Aneurysm
Marfan Syndrome, ehlers danlos syndrome, tearing chest pain, wide mediastinum
Aortic dissection
Jaw claudication, visual disturbance, >50 y/o, elevated ESR
Giant cell arteritis
Leg pain relieved with rest, cilostazol
Peripheral arterial disease
Palpable cord
superficial thrombophlebitis
Virchow’s triad, unilateral LE swelling pain and erythema, Homan sign
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Squatting / leg raise / handgrip increases the sound of all murmurs except ____ and ___
Mitral valve prolapse Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Systolic, 2nd right intercostal space, radiates to neck
Aortic Stenosis
Holosystolic murmur
Mitral regurgitation
Women, anxiety, mid-systolic click
Mitral valve prolapse
Wide pulse pressure, water hammer pulse
Aortic regurgitation
New murmur, fever, injection drug use, streptococcus viridans, Jane way lesions, osler nodes, roth spots
Endocarditis
Pleuritic chest pain, worse upon laying, improves with sitting, ST segment elevation, PR depression
Pericarditis
