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Boards Review > Cardiology Pharmacology > Flashcards

Cardiology Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Systolic heart failure (for sx control only), and AFib (not 1st line)

A

Digoxin

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2
Q

Hemodynamic support for hypotension with sx bradycardia. Adjunct medication used in shock that persists after adequate fluid administration.

A

Dopamine

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3
Q

Severe/refractory HF and cardiogenic shock–can be coupled with dopamine to maintain adequate BP, also used for stress echocardiogram testing.

A

Dobutamine

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4
Q

Septic shock

A

Norepinephrine

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5
Q

Anaphylaxis, 2nd line for septic shock, mydriasis during interocular surgery, asystole/pulseless arrest, VFib, and pulseless ventricular tachycardia

A

Epinephrine

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6
Q

PSVT and stress testing

A

Adenosine

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7
Q

HTN, SVT (non-dihydropyridines only), AFib (non-dihydropyridines only), prinzmetal angina, stable angina (for sx control if they cannot tolerate BB–do not lower mortality), Raynauds, migraine prophylaxis, cluster HA prophylaxis (verapamil), and primary pulmonary HTN

A

CCB

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8
Q

HTN (never 1st line), ADHD (extended release), pain (epidural), opioid w/drawal, Tourette syndrome, and hot flashes.

A

Clonidine

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9
Q

HTN in pregnancy

A

Methyldopa

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10
Q

Alpha 1 antagonist is used for HTN and BPH. Tamsulosin is used as MET in nephrolithiasis, BPH, and in bladder outlet obstruction syndrome. Nonselective: Alpha 1 and alpha 2 antagonist–used in pheochromocytoma

A

Alpha blocker

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11
Q

CAD (angina, MI, and post MI), CHF (carvedilol, bisoprolol, and metoprolol succinate all reduce mortality), AFib, HTN, tachycardias, arrhythmias, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, MVP, esophageal varices bleeding prophylaxis (propranolol), and essential tremor (propranolol)

A

Beta Blocker

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12
Q

CHF (systolic), MI, CKD, HTN (1st line if DM, except in AA population–no benefit noted), and diabetic nephropathy

A

ACE-I

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13
Q

When a cough develops while the pt is on an ACE

A

ARB

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14
Q

CHF class 3 and 4 (lowers mortality), eplerenone is used when pts have endocrine side effects to spironolactone (i.e. gynecomastia), ascites, and primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Aldosterone antagonist

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15
Q

Those who have an EF <35%, are in sinus rhythm, and who’s HR is >70 bpm (cannot due to pacemaker), this medication lowers mortality in pts with CHF

A

Ivrabradine

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16
Q

NYHA functional Class II-IV HF with reduced EF, it’s not clear if pts should be tx’d with an ACE, monotherapy ARB, or with combination sacubitril-valsartan as 1st line therapy

A

Sacubitril valsartan (ARNI)

17
Q

HTN (osteoporosis 1st line), renal stone prophylaxis (calcium oxylate–pulls calcium out of the urine), nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and edema

A

Thiazide diuretics

18
Q

Pulmonary edema, CHF, pedal edema, and hypercalcemia

A

Loop diuretics

19
Q

Angina, acute MI, CHF, anal fissure, eaophageal spasm, and achalasia

A

NTG

20
Q

Primary and secondary prevention of MI/CVA/TIA, CAD/PAD, ACS (chewed), pain and fever

A

ASA

21
Q

Clopidogrel: ACS (loading dose), post MI–combined with ASA. Post ischemic stroke (not combined with ASA). Also used to prevent coronary stent thrombosis

A

Clopidogrel

22
Q

NSTEMI and unstable angina

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors

23
Q

All are used in acute MI when PCI is not available–within 12 hours of CP and given within 30 minutes of admission

A

Thrombolytics

24
Q

______ can also be used for: Ischemic stroke–within 4.5 hours of sx onset, PE with hemodynamic instability, it may also be used off label in acute limb ischemia and in retinal artery/vein occlusion

A

Alteplase

25
Q

Peripheral artery disease

A

Cilostazol

26
Q

All are approved for anticoagulation of DVT and PE, Rivaroxaban and apixaban may also be used for AFib (native and non valvular)

A

Factor Xa Inhibitor

27
Q

Anticoagulation for DVT, PE, and AFib (native and non valvular)

A

Dabigatran

28
Q

ACS, PE, DVT (acute and prophylaxis), AFib, and for anticoagulation in antiphospholipid syndrome

A

Heparin

29
Q

1st line in AFib with mechanical valves/mitral stenosis

A

Warfarin

30
Q

CAD and HLD

A

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

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