Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Lyme’s Disease
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is an infectious condition transmitted through the bite of infected ticks, primarily caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi in the United States and various Borrelia species in Europe and Asia. This disease progresses through three stages: early localized, early disseminated, and late disease. Initial symptoms often include a characteristic “bull’s-eye” rash (erythema migrans), fever, and fatigue. If left untreated, the infection can advance to affect multiple systems, potentially leading to neurological symptoms, cardiac complications, and arthritis. The late stage may present with chronic arthritis and encephalopathy, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
What organisms causes Q fever?
Coxella Burnetti may be found in cattle, sheep and goats
What organisms causes lymphogranuloma venerum?
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a specific type of Chlamydia bacteria (L1-L3). Servers D-K cause usual STI
What causes psittacosis ornithosis?
Psittacosis, also known as ornithosis or parrot fever, is a bacterial infection that can cause a flu-like illness or pneumonia in humans. It’s caused by the bacteria Chlamydia psittaci, which is carried by many species of birds, including parrots, pigeons, sparrows, ducks, and hens.
What is a trachoma?
Trachoma is a disease of the eye caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis servers A to C
Which organism causes Rocky Mountain fever?
Rickettsia ricketsii
Rickettsia prowazekii
Louse-bron typhus
Which cause of LRTI is associated with herpes labials?
Streptococcus pneumonia
H. influenzane is seen in COPD patients
Staph aureus is associated with a preceding viral URTI
Strep pyogenes is seen with head and neck infection as well as skin infections such as cellulitis
What is C.dif?
Gram positive rod spore forming rod
Treatment of toxoplasmosis?
Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine or clarithromycin, azithromycin and clindamycin
long term prophylaxis: Bactrim
Spiramycin for vertical transmission
Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma
Lymphatic filariasis
Lymphatic filariasis, commonly known as elephantiasis. It is caused by infection with parasites classified as nematodes (roundworms) of the family Filariodidea that are transmitted through the bites of infected mosquitos.
Loa loa
Loa loa is a filarial nematode that causes Loa loa filariasis. Loa loa actually means “worm worm”, but is commonly known as the “eye worm”, as it localizes to the conjunctiva of the eye. Vector: horseflies
Visceral leishmaniasis
isceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar or “black fever”, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and, without proper diagnosis and treatment, is associated with high fatality. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania
Vector: sandflies
African trypanosomiasis
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is caused by protozoan parasites transmitted by infected tsetse flies.
