Infection Prevention And Control

Question 1

What is hand hygiene?

Answer 1

One of the most important ways to reduce the transmission of infectious agents that cause healthcare associated infections (HCAIs).

Question 2

Before performing hand hygiene, what steps should be taken regarding forearms?

Answer 2

Expose forearms (bare below the elbow).

Question 3

What type of hand jewelry is permitted during hand hygiene?

Answer 3

A single, plain metal finger ring, such as a wedding band, is permitted but should be removed or moved up during hand hygiene.

Question 4

What is the guideline for fingernails before hand hygiene?

Answer 4

Ensure fingernails are clean and short, and do not wear artificial nails or nail products.

Question 5

What should be done with cuts or abrasions before hand hygiene?

Answer 5

Cover all cuts or abrasions with a waterproof dressing.

Question 6

When should hands be washed with non-antimicrobial liquid soap and water?

Answer 6

If hands are visibly soiled or dirty, caring for patients with vomiting or diarrhoeal illnesses, or caring for a patient with a suspected or known gastrointestinal infection.

Question 7

In what circumstances should alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHRs) be used?

Answer 7

For routine hand hygiene during care, except when hands are visibly soiled.

Question 8

When should hands be cleaned?

Answer 8

Before touching a patient, before clean or aseptic procedures, after body fluid exposure risk, after touching a patient, and after touching a patient’s immediate surroundings.

Question 9

What should you always do before putting on and after removing gloves?

Answer 9

Perform hand hygiene.

Question 10

What is the recommended method for drying hands after washing?

Answer 10

Dry hands thoroughly using disposable paper towels.

Question 11

How often should emollient hand cream be used?

Answer 11

Regularly, such as during breaks and when off duty.

Question 12

What should staff with skin problems do?

Answer 12

Seek advice from occupational health or their GP.

Question 13

What is the purpose of respiratory and cough hygiene?

Answer 13

To minimize the risk of cross transmission of known or suspected respiratory illness.

Question 14

How should one cover their nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing?

Answer 14

With a disposable tissue; if unavailable, use the crook of the arm.

Question 15

What should be done with used tissues?

Answer 15

Dispose of all used tissues promptly into a waste bin.

Question 16

What should be done after coughing, sneezing, or using tissues?

Answer 16

Wash hands with non-antimicrobial liquid soap and warm water.

Question 17

What should be done if there is no running water available for hand hygiene?

Answer 17

Use hand wipes followed by ABHR and wash hands at the first available opportunity.

Question 18

What should be avoided with contaminated hands?

Answer 18

Keep contaminated hands away from the eyes, nose, and mouth.

Question 19

What should staff assess before undertaking any procedure?

Answer 19

Any likely exposure to blood and/or other body fluids, non-intact skin or mucous membranes.

Question 20

What is a key principle regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE)?

Answer 20

Avoid overuse or inappropriate use to minimize environmental impact.

Question 21

What types of waste should PPE be disposed of into?

Answer 21

Correct waste stream, such as domestic waste, offensive (non-infectious) or clinical waste.

Question 22

When should gloves be worn?

Answer 22

When exposure to blood and/or other body fluids, non-intact skin or mucous membranes is anticipated.

Question 23

What should be done if a glove is suspected to be perforated or punctured?

Answer 23

Change the glove immediately.

Question 24

What is the definition of clinical waste?

Answer 24

Contains viable micro-organisms or their toxins known to cause disease in humans or other living organisms.

Contain contaminated medicine

Sharp

Biological material (animal or human tissue ) conataminated with dangerous substances e

Question 25

What does offensive waste contain?

Answer 25

May contain body fluids, secretions, or excretions but is not infectious.
Not clinical waste
Non hazardous

Question 26

What type of cleaning product is recommended for routine cleaning of surfaces?

Answer 26

A fresh solution of general-purpose neutral detergent in warm water.

Question 27

What is the recommended chlorine concentration for routine cleaning of sanitary fittings?

Answer 27

1,000ppm available chlorine.