Infection (handwashing, MRSA, Cdiff, isolation types) Flashcards
How to do effective hand washing?
Wetting, soaping, lathering and applying friction under running water
- for at least 15 seconds
- then rinsing & adequate drying
When would you NOT use alcohol based rubs? What do you use instead?
- Visibly soiled hands
- Hands that feel sticky
- Just going to bathroom
*use soap and water hand washing instead
T/F: C.diff you can wash hands with alcohol based rubs
F
What nursing actions do you need to wash your hands prior to?
Before inserting eye drops, ointments, or contact lenses
*can irritate, cause burning, and redness
Who gets chlorehexedine?
For hand washing in caring for patients that are high risk for infection (immunocompromised)
MRSA
How is it spread? Ex?
Direct contact
Ex: indwelling catheters, VAD, ET tubes in hospital and community setting
Tx for MRSA?
Vancomycin
Linezolid
Prevention for MRSA?
Health teaching is the best way to decrease incidence
Community associated MRSA
Who does this cause infection in?
Health, non-hospitilized people
Community associated MRSA
Health teaching= best way to decrease incidence…Teach what?
- Frequent hand hygiene
- Avoid close contact with people with infectious wounds
- Avoid large crowds
- Avoid contaminated surfaces
- Good overall hygiene
Community associated MRSA
Tx for community associated?
Minocycline
Doxycycline
C. diff
What is this associated with?
Antibiotic use, esp. in older adults
C. diff
What is an example of an antibiotic that causes this?
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics like ciprofloxacin
C. diff
How is it spread?
Indirect contact with inanimate objects
*med equip. commodes
C. diff
How is it confirmed?
Stool culture
C. diff
What suspects you to a pt. having c.diff?
3 or more liquid stools per day for 2 days or more
C. diff
Signs and symptoms?
Diarrhea
Fever
Abdominal pain and cramping
C. diff
DOC?
Oral metroidazole and vancomycin
C. diff
What is the controversial tx?
Fecal bacteriotherapy
C. diff
What happens with fecal bacteriotherapy?
Transplant stool with normal, health flora into infected pt
Donor stool is liquified with saline, filtered and administered by either NG tube, fecal enema, or colonoscopy
C. diff
Results of fecal bacteriotherapy have been very positive
T
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by vascular access devices
MRSA
MRSA or C.diff
Tx= minocycline and doxycycline
Community associated MRSA
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by VAD
MRSA
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by medical equip
C. diff
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by indwelling catheter
MRSA
MRSA or C.diff
Tx= vancomycin and linezolid
MRSA
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by commodes
C. diff
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by direct contact
MRSA
MRSA or C.diff
Spread by indirect contact
C. diff
MRSA or C.diff
Tx= Oral metroidazole and vancomycin
C. diff
What is standard precautions for?
All body secretions, excretions are considered infection
Examples of standard infection?
Anthrax
HIV
Botulism
Small pox
What precaution?
RSV
Contact
What precaution?
Shingles
Airborne
What precaution?
Meningitis
Droplet
What precaution?
Scabies
Contact
What precaution?
MRSA
Contact
What precaution?
Flu
Droplet
What precaution?
Plague
Droplet
What precaution?
Chicken pox and small pox
Airborne
What precaution?
Measles
Airborne
What precaution?
Scabies
Contact
What precaution?
Mumps
Droplet
What precaution?
VRE
Contact
What precaution?
C. diff
Contact
What precaution?
Lice
Contact
What precaution?
Pertussis
Droplet
What precaution?
TB
Airborne
What precaution?
Need negative air pressure room
Airborne
