Infection Control and Disease.3

Question 1

What is horizontal transmission

Answer 1

same generation- direct contact

Question 2

What is an example of horizontal transmission?

Answer 2

Droplets- Influenza- transmitted through aireborn particles- inhaled

Question 3

What is vertical transmission?

Answer 3

between generations- bitch to pup
before, during or after birth

Question 4

What is an example of vertical transmission?

Answer 4

through dams milk, foetal abnormalities-

Question 5

What is a biological vector?

Answer 5

pathogen develops/ reproduces inside vector before transmission

Question 6

What is an example of an biological vector?

Answer 6

Ticks- lymes disease

Question 7

What is a mechanical vector?

Answer 7

carried on surface of vector, transmitted without reproducing

Question 8

What is an example of a mechanical vector?

Answer 8

Tuberculosis- TB, through badgers- inhaling droplets of infected animal

Question 9

What are the common routes of entry for disease/ infection?

Answer 9

inhalation
ingestion
skin
bites
vertical- mother/offspring
fomites- contaminated objects
urinary

Question 10

What is host susceptibility?

Answer 10

vulnerability of a host of becoming infected

Question 11

What are factors that affect host susceptibility?

Answer 11

immune system
life-stage
genetic/breed
nutrition
environmental- hygiene
stress