Fluid Therapy Flashcards
What is the role of water?
maintains shape and integrity of all cells \60% body is water- maintains blood pressure/ volume,
removal of waste products
medium of biochemical
Sensible fluid loss-
some control of urination/ defecation
Insensible fluid loss-
inevitable- normal losses- salvia/ sweating
Rabbit normal fluid intake (0.2-4kg)
75ml-100mls/kg/24hrs
Cats and Small Dogs normal fluid intake (0-10kg)
60ml/kg/24hrs
Medium Dog normal fluid intake (10-30kg)
50ml/kg/24 hours
Large Dog normal fluid intake (30-50kg)
40ml/kg/24hrs
Bird normal fluid intake
50ml/kg/24
Reptile normal fluid intake
25ml/kg/24hrs
What are the abnormal losses of fluid?
hypovolaemia- reduced BV/BP, delivery to tissues
deprived oxygen, nutrients and water in cells- reduced function
reduced fresh fluid bathing- build up of waste
What are the methods of fluid therapy?
PO, SC, IV, IP, IO, Naso, CRI
What are types of crystalloid intravenous fluids?
hartmann’s,
ringer’s,
0.9% NaCal (normal saline),
5% Dextrose,
0.18% NaCl + 4% dextrose
What isotope is all crystalloid solutions?
isotonic
What are the uses/indications of Hartmanns, Ringers and 0.9% NaCl (normal saline)?
replace extra cellular fluid,
acidosis- diarrohea, gastric losses- anaesthesia
What are the uses/indications of 5% Dextrose and 0.18% and NaCl + 4% dextrose?
primary water deficit replacement/ maintenance
hypoglycaemia
Which 2 methods indicate hypokalaemia?
0.9% NaCl and 0.18 NaCl + 4% dextrose
Hartmann’s constituents (mmol/I)
Na 131, K5, Ca2, Cl 111
Bicarbonate 29
Ringer’s constituents (mmol/I)
Na 147, K4, Ca2.5, Cl 156
0.9% NaCl (normal saline) constituents (mmol/I)
Na 154, Cl 154
5% dextrose constituents (mmol/I)
5% dextrose
0.18 NaCl + 4% dextrose constituents (mmol/I)
Na 30, Cl 30, 4% dextrose
Equipment and Materials needed-
IV catheters
giving sets
fluid pumps
tape/ bandages
flush regularly- prevents blockage
