Nutritional Requirements.1 Flashcards
physiology of starvation…
Catabolism?
breakdown of substances, into smaller molecules, releasing calories protein amino acids
assemble…
Anabolsim?
stores energy, assembles new molecules
e.g: glycerol to fatty acids
Cachexia?
muscle loss associated with disease (PEM)
Gluconeogenesis?
protien converted into glucose- starvation response
What condition does dehydration and hypokalaemia (low blood potassium) link to during starvation?
anorexia
How many days is nutritional intervention indicated?
3-5 days, anticipated loss of 10%bw
Does USG and PCV increase when dehydrated?
yes
adenosine triphosphate
What does ATP need?
glucose, oxygen- producing carbon dixoide and water- no glucose causes energy storage of adipose/ protein
What is Protein Energy Malnurition?
cortosol antagonises effects of insulin (breakdown of proteins)
What is bacterial translocation?
commensal microbes leave intestines, spread to nerby areas- pathogenic, causing sepsis
What is the primary source of cell energy internal respiration?
glucose
What are organelle are fatty acids used for to create ATP?
mitochondria
What is beta-oxidation?
process where fatty acids are converted into Acetyl CoA
enters krebs cycle of respiration
What is the most common nutritional disease?
obesity- increased oxidative/ oestoarthritis, insulin resistance
What additives are included in weight loss diets?
L-carnitine- fatty acid metabolism
Omega 3 fatty acids- upregulation of mitochondrial functions
What nutrients play a key role in obesity management?
fibre and protein- promotes satiety, muscle hypertrophy
Does soluble fibre absorb water?
yes- intestinal distension, satiety, adding faecal bulk
1Kcal- ___calories
1000
