Infant Freding And Toddler Feeding Flashcards
What are the effect s of too early solid food introduction (5)
Decreases breast milk production
Not developmentally ready ( tongue extrusion reflex and poor head control)
Increased solute load sodium and potassium
Increased risk of allergic reactions to food allergens
Exposure to pathogens from food may increase diarrheal disease
Risk of too late introduction of solids after 6months (6)
May causes growth faltering
Micronutrient def esp iron
Oral motor skill delay
Delayed development in eating behaviors and speech
Reduced exposure pro food early leads to reduced acceptance (6-10/12 window very receptive)
May increased (rather than decrease) incidence of allergy
First food what and when
6/12 and iron rich food early
Then everything else in any order
How much cows mild by 12 months and why limit it
400- 500mls.
Cows mild poor in iron can lead to iron def anaemia
High concentration of protein calcium and phosphorus can strain the kidneys
If have too much displaces iron rich foods
What advice around food allergy
BF for at least 6/12
Continue to breast feed whilst you intro solids
Solids should not be used before 4/12
No evidence for delaying solids until after 4-6months to deuce risk of allergy
Don’t avoid allergens intro foods according to what the family eats
No order to intro solids
Can cows milk (or cheese ) be used in cooling if tolerated but known cows milk allergy
Yes
In children with severe excema/ egg allergy should peanut intake be avoided
There is good evidence that in children such as this regular intake of peanuts before 12 months of age can reduce the risk of peanut allergy
NHMRC guidelines recommend avoiding what foods in children <12/12
Fermented meat Unpasteurized milk or juice products Raw or uncooked meat Raw sprouts Honey
What steps can parents take to reduce chocking
Supervise eating
Sit upright
Offer small-strips pieces of food not hard chunks eg apple
Don’t run around muck around while eating
Baby first aid for parents
Gagging common
Chock8ng life threatening
What is the normal weight gain in t fist year of life and second year
6-7kg first year
2-2.5kg second year
What are the problems of high milk intake
Iron def anaemia
Overweight/ FTT
Dental caries.
Reduced appetite for food
> 1 yr. 400ml/day
2yrs reduced fat dairy
Toddler diarrhea definition
Frequent unformed watery stools in an otherwise well child
Thought to be due to rapid but transit time Not due to an underlying medical cause
Dietary factors play a role. Eg fructose in juices and soft drink
What is treatment of toddler diarrhea (5)
Reduce the concentration of sugary drinks juice/soft drink ( high in sorbitol and fructose
Increase fat in diet 30-40% (can slow motility)
Ensure sufficent fibre ( age +5gm)
Check that parent are not e clouding things perceived as intolerances eg milk
Reassurance
Common causes of iron def anaemia in children /toddlers
Insufficient iron intake in food Milkalholics Vegan diets/ vegetarians diets (can be fine but need careful planning) Difficulty with texture Haematological causes rare
Treatment of iron def anaemia
Increase dietary iron with food eg meat
Iron supplement if low iron for 3months6mg /kg/day ( 1-2 weeks after starting rpt the CBC and the film to check that the HB and MCV and RCC and sr ferritin improving
Address fussy eating
If not good at chewing consider speech therapy
Limit milk to 400 -500mls per day
