Burns Flashcards
3 main causes of burns in children
1 scald
2 contact/friction/
3 flame
75% of burns occur at home T/F
True
Metabolic response to a burn >10% full thickness
Hypermetabolic response 50% increase calories in a 25% burn
SIRS systemic inflamatory response hypothalamus
Oedema shock and raised body temp
To presence SIRS stabilize dhte burn wound
Surgical excision / wound closure (DRESSINGS0
Effect of SIRS on the airway
Upper airway obstruction 2ary to the soft tissues swelling eg a scald to the neck
2 lower airway effected smoke / chemical burn. ARDS pul oedema
SIRS effect on the circulation
Loss of fluid >10% burn can cause hypovol shock
Local effects of the fluid can be
Limbs Constriction can cut of blood supply
Torso circumferential burn respirator compromise cant move the chest wall
First aid in a burn
1 remove clothes if possible
2 20mins of cold running water
3 watch for hypothermia
Emergency management of a burned child
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
D disability consider other injuries Neuro # head injury
Expose the area of the burn and assessment of the burn
Fluids HypoVol shock % of burn 3-4ml/% of burn PLUS the normal requirements
Assessment of the burn
1 % of body area effected
2 depth of the burn
3 circumferential burns eg arm/leg / torso
4 compartment syndrome
Rule of nines child
At one year of age 18% head front and back each get 18%
Body/ trunk-18%
Legs 14% each leg
Arms 9% each arm
Palms are 1% each
For each year add 1/2% to each leg and take away 1% from the head
BY AGE 9= ADULT proportions
Fluid resuscitation in a burn
3-4mls /% of burn and maintenance
Iv or intra osteoid
Maintence 100/50/20 or 4,2,1 mls/hr /kg
Depth of the burn
Superficial no blistering red no treatment other than moistures
Superficial dermal blisters pink and blanching pain will heal 14 days
Mid dermal may heal regeneration from the epidermal appendages
deep dermal = full thickness burn will not heal needs a skin graft
Red non blanching non painful or thick leathery and charred
