Hypertension

Question 1

BP needs to be plotted for age and sex
How do you define hypertension
Normotension

Answer 1

BP 120/80 in adolescent >12 = pre hypertension 
Normal BP <90%
90-95% pre Ht
>95% Hypertenion 
Stage 1 95-99% 
Stage 2 >99%

Question 2

Causes of hypertension

Answer 2

1 primary obesity and family history
2 secondary more common in younger children
Renal /renovasc cardiac etc common cuases

Question 3

Renal and renovascular cuases of 2ary hypertension

Answer 3

Renal 
Post strep GN
HSP,HUS
PKD
Wilms tumor 
Nephrotic syndrome 
Renovascular 
Renal a stenosis 
Renal v stenosis

Question 4

Neurological causes of hypertenion

Answer 4

Raised intracranial pressure (overweight adolescent on the OCP and doxycycline/minocyline ) or SOL
GB syndrome
Always do BP in child who presents with a headache

Question 5

Endocrine and other causes drugs and others HYPERTENSION

Answer 5

Endocrine 
Cushing syndrome 
Hyperthyroidism
CAH
Phaeochromocystoma 

DRUGS. ADHD stimulants meds
OCP/ Steroids

Question 6

Treatment of prehypertension

Answer 6

Lifestyle
Weight loss
DASH rich in fruit and vege and high in fiber and low in salt

Question 7

Medication for Hypertension

Answer 7

Ca channel blocker ( number 1 )
ACE avoid in children <6/12, care in adolescent female pregnancy c/i. Stop ACE if V/D
Diuretic in post strep GN
B Blockers avoid in phaechrom

Question 8

Obesity and hypertension

Answer 8

Salt restriction
Lifestyle
ACE

Question 9

If a child presents with a headache ALWAYS check the BP

Answer 9

True