Immunisation

Question 1

Types of vaccination

Answer 1

Live and non live
Live vaccination MMR. Shingles, BCG. Rotavirus
Don’t give LIVE vaccinations in immunocompromised
Live vaccination stimulates b and T cells
Ampification works in live vaccinations mimics the natural infection
Live usually only need 2 vaccinations

Non LIVE fewer antigens
B cells&raquo_space;> T cells
No amplicfication
There fore need 3-4 vaccinations to get immunity

Question 2

Maternal antibodies cross the placenta which ones and how does that effect immunization

Answer 2

1 pertussis crosses and protects the infant till the vaccinations work
2 measles Ab DONT give the mmr till 12/12 because covered till then
Give earlier in high risk measles places

Question 3

Infants have an immature immune system what steps do we take with. Immunization to address this

Answer 3

1 repeated doses
2 adjuvants enhance the immune response to an antigen eg Al
3 conjugation. ( linking Ag to a carrier proteins. Pneumococcal, HIB, Men C prevent

Question 4

Repeated doses in immunizations

Answer 4

Too close together not enough time for the memory to develop
2 close enough to provide protection ASAP
3 increasing the gap does not increase the efficacy
4 boosting an extra dose to boost declining ab concentrations

Question 5

Conjugat Vs polysaccharide

Answer 5

Conjugated immunogenic <2years
HIB, men CCV prevenar
T cell dependent
High avidity ab

Polysaccharide 
Menceavx pneumovax 
T cell INDEPENDENT
Poorly immunogenic <2 
Need rpt doses 
Immune tolerance

Question 6

Under immunized groups 3

Answer 6

Highly educated and skeptical
Disadvantaged families
Conscientious objectors

Question 7

Each pregnancy

Answer 7

Pertussus it works 91-93% effectiveness <8 weeks

Influenza

Question 8

DTpa
When 6/52 4,6 months
Booster 18/12 4 years
And booster 15-17 years dTPA given in adolescents not DTpa given in childhood

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Vaccination of household contacts of the immunosuppressive

Answer 9

Yes do vaccinate those people

Question 10

Rotavirus vaccination

Answer 10

Not given after 6/12 of age
Intussecption 6 extra case per year in Australia with Rotavirus vaccination
Given3 oral dose 2,4,6
Min time apart 4 weeks

Question 11

HPV vaccinations

Answer 11

46% reductions in HGEA

Question 12

Herpes zoster vaccination

Answer 12

Live vaccination
Not to be given in the immunocompromised
50% get a mild skin reaction at the site

70-79years

Question 13

Who is at higher risk of meningitis meningococcal

Answer 13

1 infants and young children <24/12
2 adolescents 15-19yrs
3 children and adults at high risk of MM eg 
Complement component disorders
Function/anatomatical asplenism

Question 14

Recommend prophylactic use of panadol in all vaccination t/f

Answer 14

False

Only with every dose of 4CMenB administers to children <2 years

Question 15

Doctors are a crucial source of information about vaccination

Answer 15

True 84% get there info from that