industrial processes Flashcards
What are the industrial condtions for the reaction of ethene and steam to produce ethanol?
Pressure of 60-70 atm
Temp of 300 degrees C
Phosphoric acid catalyst
Is the forward reaction of ethene and steam to produce ethanol endothermic or exothermic?
Exothermic
Why are lower temperatures used?
The forward reaction is exothermic so more ethene and steam will be turned into ethanol
Why can the temperature not be too low?
There will be a much slower rate of reaction
Why is 300 degrees c used?
it is a compromise between maximum yield and a faster reaction
Why do higher pressures favour the forward reaction?
There are fewer moles on the right so equilibrium will shift right and more ethanol will be formed
What is the problem with having the pressure too high?
Need stronger pipes and containers to withstand the high pressures
Why is 60-70 atms used?
it is a compromise between maximum yield and minimum expense
