indiv dif wk 7 Flashcards
what is the diff in personality disorders between DSM 4 and 5
DSM 4 sees oersonality disorders as almost untreatable.
It groups them as a non clinical psychological disorder.
DSM 5 groups it with clinical and also includes medical conditions and physical disorders
what is a personality disorder
Enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that
- deviates from cultural expectations
- pervasive and inflexible
- cause distress or impairment
- not due to another disorder drugs etc
Cluster A personality disorders
‘odd or ecentric disorders’ =
- paranoid
- schizoid
- shizotypical
Cluster B personality disorders
dramatic, emotional or erratic disorders
- antisocial
- borderline
- Histrionic
- Narcissistic
Cluster C personality type
anxious or fearful
- avoidant
- dependent
- Obsessive-Compulsive
can co occurrence happen in PDs
yes, within and between disorders
paranoid PD
paranoia, mistrust in others.
schizoid PD
detachment from interpersonal relationships. Coldness. indiff to praise or criticism.
Solitary
schizotypical PD
distortions of thinking, feeling and perceptions
Antisocial PD
lack of empathy and remorse, disregard for others, failure to conform to norms.
impulsive, deceitful, irresponsible, disregard for others.
Histrionic PD
Excessive need for approval, need for centre of attention.
Shallow, over dramatic emotions. sees relationships as more intimate than they are
Narcissistic PD
inflated self importance and sense of entitlement. special compared to other people. Seek attention and admiration.
Fantasies of Success. Arrogance. Empathy.
Borderline PD
Unstable personal relationships.
frantic attempts to avoid (real/imagined) abandonment.
- lack of sense of self
- frequent feelings of emptiness + worthlessness
- unstable feelings
- self damaging behaviour
Acoidant PD
social inhibitin, withdraw from scial situation
- feel socially inept
- reluctant to engage in new things
Dependant PD
persistent psychological dependence on others
lack confidence in ability to take responsibility
difficulty doing things alone.
Agree with others, seek new relationships
Obsessive-compulsive PD
preoccupied with orderliness
perfectionism
overly conscientious
NOT OCD
what does the big 5 Profile approach use to correlate with PDs
they take each facet of the personality and predict how they will appear in the PDs
Conceptually associated
are the big 5 profiles used to diagnose PDs
no. indicate risk of PD.
May be useful for ruling out a PD, or characterise a known PD
how did McCrae test valifity of big 5 profile approach
1926 patients from psychiatric hospital.
- personality disorder intervirw
- PD questionaire
- NEO-PI-R personality big 5 score
calculated profile agreement
found only moderate correlations
what are limitations to DSM 4 classification of PDs
- extensive co-morbitity
- low temporal/inter assessor reliability (across time and clinicians)
- Not based on current empirical personality models
Suggestions of McCrae for DSM 5 of PD
did they adopt this
Dimentional rather than categorical
4 step approach
- assessment of personality
- Assess personality related social/occupational impairments and distress
- if this is clinically significant, then diagnosis should be made
- could look at personality profile matches with PD descriptor
did not adopt this
Emerging measures and models section of DSM 5
Assess Severity and Style.
severity = signif impairment
Style = one or more pathological personality trait ‘maladaptive trait model’,
kept these
- Borderline
- OC PD
- Avoidant
- schizotypal
- Narcissistic
- PD - trait specified (clinician describes)
DID
dissociative personality disorder
two or more distinct personalities or identities
- Amnesia for prior or recent events
- Cause distress and/or functional impairment
- not due to substance abuse, culture, imaginative play
Dissociative Disorders (DSM-5)
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
Other Specified/Unspecified Dissociative Disorder
