Indians In the Great Plains Flashcards
What were the Great plains like pre Mexican American War
Lived in isolation until Lewis and Clark in 1804 encountered these tribes
what impact did the Mexican American war have on Indian Culture
many poor things including US troops disturbing Indians on the Santa Fe trail to Mexico
What happened after the US win of the Mexican American war
Claimed Southwest and opens it to settlers
Why were the Inidans not distrubred before the manifest destiny
Why would they be?
What happened to the northern border of america
1846 U.S. - Britain 49th parallel treaty opens up Washington ore, trail
when did the rush to the coast start
From 1840 to 1860 250k settlers took Oregon and California trails out west
What was the Threat for people coming over to california
Inidans were not a threat and less then 400 were killed
What where the main 7 tribes in 1860
Combanche, Apache, Cheyenne, Sioux, Crow, Pawnee and kinda Arapaho
What were the real indian threats in early america
Jamestown, we tried killing them and then they killed us
Threats to Inidans in early america
gave them all smallpox and killed there buffalo skulls
Who proposed to concentrate Indians and what was his job
William Medill, Polk’s Commissioner of Indians Affairs and he proposed ideas for Indian colonies to concentrate them
Why was reservation a bad idea
No good land, like to spread out, not able to move around, Religion wanted to keep the land with the people.
What was the first Tribal Boundary
Ft. Laramie Treaty 1868 Sioux (Lakota) Cheyenne, Shoshoni both agreed to accept tribal boundaries, in order to keep whites out
Sand Creek Massacre prerequisite
Small bands of Cheyenne and Arapaho attacked mining camps because they were on their land
Sand creek Massacre peace
Black kettle sought peace yet coloradians wanted revenge even though Black Kettle is not apart of the attacks
Sand Creek Massacre Main attack
John Chivington lead a volunteer army in Colorado to Black Kettles camp at Sand Creek and with no warning ordered and killed 150
Where was the main gold fever
the black hills
What expediton in the black hills was succesful
custers for gold
What kept miners out of the black hills
A treaty tried but failed
Who was the main person for Sioux
Sitting Bull
What is the biggest win for the planes tribe
Little Big Horn
Little Big Horn Prerequisite
The chief sitting bull and Crazy Horse gathered 2,000 warriors from the Sioux and Cheyenne
Little Big Horn battle
custer attacks with 200 people and they all ide
What came out of the Little Big Horn
Lead to more encampments
Who tried to lead the Native american’s to peace in canada
Chief Joseph
What tribe was lead into canada
Nez Pierce (pierced nose)
Where was the tribe that tried to escape sent to
Kansas
who was a main source of resistance in the south west tribes
Giranimo with the Apaches of Arizona and New Mexico
Picture of who by a cactus
giranimo
Where was each tribe located
Apaches in the south west, everyone else in the plains
What was the final armed encounter on the western front
Massacre at wounded knee
final battle prerequisite
- South Dakota and by 1890 all of them are on reservations
- a Paiute fell ill and had a vision of a messiah coming to save the Indians and drive out the whites
- Started the ghost dance and was a ceremony to hurry the coming of the deliverer
- Sioux is the main Ghost dance people and then officials got worried
- got worried because they are a threat, the others were not a big threat
Massacre at wounded knee
- Indian officials called army for protection
- when army try to disarm both sides fire
What battle was the picture of the frozen soilder
massacre of wounded knee
What are buffalo soldiers
called them that because of their hair was curly and black
black solderers
What president agreed that we are doing the wrong things with indians
hayes
Who wrote on Inidan mistreatment
Helen Hunt Jackson wrote a century of dishonor
What happened when congress got involved with the mistreatment of Indians
It got messed up pretty well
Act from congress on Inidans
The dawes act
What was the act from congress supposed to do
guide NA into our culture and divided tribal land into family plots and make them into american culture and that destroyed tribal cultures
What did the act from congress end up doing
destroyed tribal cultures, - Led to them having wayyy less land, worst thing they could have done
- did not understand the concept of land ownership
What was the Sioux tribe like
many different divisions with the 3 main and 1 is Lakota and Lakota has 7 tribes and one of them is Hunkpapa and that is what sitting bull is apart of
What led to the ghost dances
a Paiute fell ill and had a vision of a messiah coming to save the Indians and drive out the whites
