IN205/206 - Descent and Penetration and Low Altitude Approaches Flashcards
What is the formula to determine VSI required during a descent to altitude?
VSI = (GS in NM/min) x 100 x descent gradient degrees (100s of feet/distance in NM)
Example: 240 knots, need to lose 15,000 feet in 25 NM
DG = (150/25) = 6º
VSI = (240/60) x 100 x (150/25) VSI = 400 x 6º VSI = 2400 fpm
What is the descent gradient formula?
Descent Gradient = (100s of feet)/(Distance in NM)
Example, 15,000 feet loss in 25 nm
150/25 = 6º descent angle
What is an instrument penetration?
A published instrument procedure that enables an aircraft to transition from high altitude and arrive at the airport in a position to land. Found in the FLIP Terminal High Altitude books.
What is the W-HOLDS technique and where is it applied?
Prior to arrival at the IAF
Weather (Ensure reported Wx meets command minimums for commencing the approach)
Holding clearance (If directed to hold, ensure clearance and holding pattern is understood and set)
Obtain approach clearance (Query if approach clearance has not been received)
Letdown plate review (Check over approach plate)
Descent check (checklist)
Speed as required (Holding or penetration speed)
When do you turn inbound on a HI approach when a penetration turn altitude is not published?
Halfway between the IAF and FAF altitudes
When flying a non-DME teardrop approach, maintain a pitch attitude __ to __º nose down to ensure you remain within protected airspace.
8 to 10º nose low mandatory
How far from the FAF should you start configuring the aircraft for approach?
3-5 miles prior to the FAF
When flying a radial approach, you are not required to overfly the IAF and may use normal lead points to intercept the course if your heading is within ___º
90º
If starting a non-DME teardrop approach from below the published IAF altitude, how long must you fly outbound before initiating the descent?
15 seconds for every 1000 feet
On a non DME teardrop approach, if no turn inbound it indicated on the descent, when should the pilot begin turning on the teardrop?
halfway through the descent
When flying a HI approach and cleared to the IAF for the approach, when can you descend if your intercept heading is >90º?
Outbound/Abeam On a Parallel or Intercept Heading
Do NOT lead the turn in this situation. Fly directly over the fix, turn in the shorter direction to intercept, descend when OAPI.
What are the two categories of low altitude instrument approach procedures?
Course Reversals
Procedure Tracks
What are the two types of low-altitude course reversal approaches?
Procedure Turn
Holding in lieu of procedure turn
What is the T-6 maneuvering speed for low altitude approaches? Descent Rates?
120-150 KIAS***
3000 feet AGL: 500-2000 fpm***
How is a procedure turn depicted on a published instrument procedure?
By a “barb” symbol
When do you start your timer outbound on a procedure turn?
Outbound abeam or
Wings level if unable to determine abeam
When will a procedure turn approach not be flown?
Straight in NoPT Established in holding Radar Vectors Timed Approach
On an approach with an Arc, published lead radials provide minimum ___ mile lead point
2 mile
If cleared for an approach on a Hold in Lieu entry to the IAF, and using a Teardrop entry procedure, how many orbits in the pattern should be flown prior to proceeding inbound on the approach?
Fly the teardrop entry only and shoot the approach. No additional orbits in the holding pattern are authorized except when advised by ATC.
When flying outbound on a procedure turn, when should the pilot begin the turn inbound?
At ANY point at pilot’s discretion, however, must not exceed the “remain within” distance
