Important FR Flashcards
How many regional parlements were there in France and what could they do?
13 regional parlements
Ratify royal legislation
What was the tithe?
Tax paid to the church of 10% of income
How much of the population did the Second Estate make up and how much land did they own
Less than 1% of the population
Between 1/4 and 1/3 of the land
What was meant by the King ruling ‘by the law’
Upholding Christian morality
Respecting rights and privileges of his subjects
Growth of Salons from 1700 to 1785
1700 - 3 salons
1785 - 80 salons
When was the Seven Years’ War and what was its estimated cost?
1756-63
Around 1.8 billion livres
When was Necker appointed as Director General of Finances and what successful reforms did he introduce
1777
Reduced number of tax farmers from 60 to 40
Removed vingtieme on industry
Revolt of the Nobles and political breakdown
May-August 1788
Provincial parlements flooded royal court with remonstrances
Paris Parlement led cries to end lettres de cachet
Estates-General
5th May 1789
1200 representatives gathered at Versailles
National Assembly
17th June 1789
Third estate refused to meet separately
Voted 490-90 to call themselves ‘National Assembly’
What did the National Assembly claim
To represent the French nation
Have right tom decide taxation
Tennis Court Oath
20th June 1789
Members of National Assembly swore oath
‘To never disband until France had a new constitution’
Why were tensions high in Paris on 11th July 1789
Nearly 30,000 troops in and round Paris
Popular necker dismissed confirmed fears that King was preventing reform
Poor harvest = bread prices highest since 1715
Storming of Bastille
14th July 1789
8000 Sans-Culottes armed themselves with muskets
Descended on Bastille for gunpowder
De Launey murdered
93 killed
The Great Fear
17th July 1789
Rumours of disorder in Paris spread to Countryside
Peasants refused to pay taxes
Armed and destroyed masters records of obligations
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
26th August 1789
Derived from Enlightenment principles
All citizens equal
Conceding these measures went strongly against King’s belief of Divine Right
Religious changes (4 changes)
1789
Pluralism abolished
Annates ended
Tithe and don gratuit abolished
Church property nationalised
Civil Constitution of the Clergy
12th July 1790
Reduced bishoprics from 135 to 85
Clergy paid by state
Bishops and priests to be elected
Administrative reforms
- February 1790
- France divided into 83 departements
- Each departement had an elected council
Champ de Mars massacre
July 1791
6000 people
Lafayette and National Guards sent to ensure order
Guards fired directly on crowds
Killing 50
Decleration of Pillnitz
27th August 1791
Stated that:
* Situation of French King was ‘common interest’ to all nations
* Power of French crown should be restored
* They were ready to use force to restore power
Evidence for noble emigre threat
By 1791 60% of all pre-revolutionary army officers were among noble emigre armies
Journee of 20 June 1792
8000 sans-culottes and some National Guards
Marched to Tuileries palace
Demanding Louis withdraw vetoes and reinstate pro-war ministers
Brunswick Manifesto
Arrived in Paris 1 August 1792
Written by Duke of Brunswick
Warned any National Guardsman captured by the Austrians would be killed
Paris would suffer vengeance if King was harmed
