Henry VII (specific facts) Flashcards
Treaty of Medina del Campo
1489
Spain and England
Agreed not to harbour rebels or pretenders
The treaty arranged a marriage between Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon
Treaty of Etaples
1492
Peace settlement between England and France
Charles withdrew support for Perkin Warbeck and paid a pension to Henry
Trade Embargo with Burgundy
1493
Intercursus Magnus
1496
England and Burgundy
End the trade embargo
James IV invades England
1496
In support of Warbeck
Treaty of Ayton
1497
England and Scotland
Immediate truce after Cornish rebellion
Led to James IV ending support for Warbeck
Treaty of Perpetual Peace
1502
England and Scotland
To improve relations, agreed James should marry Henry’s daughter, Margaret
Treaty of Windsor
1506
England, Spain and Burgundy
Intercursus Malus
Earl of Suffolk returned to England
Proposed marriage between Henry and Philip’s sister, Margaret
Acts of Attainder
1485-87
56 Acts passed
Noble families lost right to inherit land
Could financially ruin families
Were reversible
Act against retaining
1487
Only king could grant licenses for retaining
Stop nobles abusing system of retaining
Act of resumption (Henry VII)
1486
All crown lands given away since 1455 were recovered
Increased crown land therefore crown revenue
Council Learned
- Established in 1495
- To exploit Kings prerogative
- Bray, Empson and Dudley issued bonds and recognizances to nobility
Second act against retaining
1504
7th Parliament
1504
Granted Henry only £40,000 instead of £90,000
How did Henry VII reward the nobility
Patronage: Earl of Oxford became major land owner in East Anglia
37 Knights of Garter created
How did Henry VII fine his nobility
Acts of attainder: 56 passed between 1485-87
Bonds and recognizances: 36/62 noble families
Feudal dues: Duchess of Buckingham fined £7000 for marrying without King’s license
What is patronage
The giving of positions of power through titles and land
What were bonds and recognizances
Written agreements in which people promised to pay a sum of money if they failed to carry out their promise
How did Henry VII use parliament to improve finances
Ordinary revenue:
Crown lands: £3000 per year at start of reign, 5x greater by end of reign (£40,000 per year)
Extraordinary revenue:
Parliamentary grants through fifteenth and tenths (usually £30,000)
When did Henry use Fifteenth and Tenths
1487, request to pay for battle of Stoke Field
1489, to go to war against French
1496, for defence against Scots and Warbeck
How much did Henry VII leave for Henry VIII
£300,000
Viscount Lovell and the Stafford’s
1486
Both tried to raise Yorkist support and forces against Henry
Lovell escaped but Stafford was captured and executed
Showed little enthusiasm for Yorkist rising in their traditional heartland
Battle of Stoke Field
1487
Lambert Simnel (claiming to be Earl of Warwick) and Earl of Lincoln (leader of Yorkist party)
Margaret of Burgundy supplied 2000 mercenaries
Henry’s 12,000 men defeat 8000 rebel army
Earl of Lincoln killed in battle
Yorkshire rebellion
1489
Sparked by resentment over tax granted by parliament
Rebels murdered Earl of Northumberland
Cornish rebellion
1497
15,000 rebels marched to Blackheath
Easily suppressed
Led to Treaty of Ayton
When was Perkin Warbeck executed
1499
What was the cost of living like under Henry VII
Remained at generally the same level that it had been in the Middle Ages
Navigation acts
1485 & 1489
By the end of Henry’s reign 50% of exports were still carried on foreign ships
Cloth trade
90% of export revenues
60% increase in the volume of cloth exports
Example of a noble who was financially ruined after illegally retaining
1506
Lord Burgavenny
Fined £70,000
Privy Chamber
- Established in 1495
- To consolidate,control over central government
‘Henry VII tightly controlled his government and council’
For:
* Appointed and dismissed ministers e.g promoting John Morton in 1496
Against:
* Betrayal of Sir William Stanley (Lord Chamberlain) in 1495
How did Sir William Stanley betray Henry VII
Supported Perkin Warbeck in 1495
How did Henry use parliament as a revenue source
- £200,000 granted over entire reign
- Granted tonnage and poundage for life in 1485
*£400,000 granted in extraordinary revenue between 1485-1509
Intercursus Malus
- 1506
- Part of Treaty of Windsor
- Gave much stronger position for English merchants in Netherlands
- Never fully operative
Treaty of Redon
- 1489
- Feared that French control of Brittany would increase French threat to England
- Anne of Brittany to pay for a small English army to defend
- Anne surrendered Brittany to Holy Roman Empire
Treaty of Redon
- 1489
- Feared that French control of Brittany would increase French threat to England
- Anne of Brittany to pay for a small English army to defend
- Anne surrendered Brittany to Holy Roman Empire
