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History > Edward VI (specific facts) > Flashcards

Edward VI (specific facts) Flashcards

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1
Q

Policy of garrisoning in Scotland

A

1547

25 garrisons established

Poorly defended garrisons were useless when 10,000 French troops invaded in 1548

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2
Q

Battle of Pinkie

A

1547

Henry II sent 4000 troops to Scotland

Somerset launched an invasion of Scotland

Decisive English victory

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3
Q

Why did Somerset prioritise the marriage of Edward and MQS

A

Had been arranged under the Treaty of Greenwich 1543

Would result in political union of Scotland and England

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4
Q

MQS taken to France

A

Garrisons failed to intervene

Removed most important reason for English presence in Scotland

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5
Q

How much did Somerset spend on garrisoning

A

£351,000

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6
Q

Treaty of Boulogne

A

1550

France paid £133,333 for Boulogne

French agreed to remove all their remaining men from Scotland

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7
Q

Significance of Boulogne

A

Militarily and strategically useless

Humiliating abandonment of Henry VIII’s triumph

Expensive to maintain

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8
Q

Northumberland ends war with Scotland

A

1550

Treaty of Boulogne agrees England to withdraw all troops

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9
Q

How may royal proclamations were used under Somerset

A

70

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10
Q

What was a royal proclamation

A

Royal authority to create a law without consent of Parliament

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11
Q

Vagrancy Act

A
  • 1547
  • Able bodied persons who were out of work for 3 days
  • Branded with V and sold into slavery for 2 years
  • To clamp down on increasing poor and disorder
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12
Q

Enclosure commission established

A
  • 1548
  • Proclamations issued enforcing all statutes against enclosure for grazing
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13
Q

Coup against Somerset

A
  • 1549
  • 2500 troops for conservatives
  • Somerset surrendered and was imprisoned
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14
Q

Motives of coup against Somerset

A
  • He had alienated many councillors due to his high-handed management
  • Leading catholic Earl: Arundel and Southampton opposed to religious reforms
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15
Q

Sheep tax

A
  • 1549
  • Coupled with purchase tax on cloth
  • To reduced problem of enclosures by encouraging use of pasture land
  • Repealed in 1550
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16
Q

Kett’s rebellion motives

A

Rebels opposed to enclosures in pastoral areas

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17
Q

Kett’s rebellion

A
  • 1549
  • Led by yeomen farmers
  • 16,000 rebels
  • 3000 rebels slaughtered
  • Robert Kett arrested and hung
  • 49 executed
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18
Q

How did the rebellions not pose threat to the Government (Edward)

A
  • No cross-regional cooperation of rebels
  • Not directed at government or monarch (no march on London)
  • Lack of gentry leadership
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19
Q

How did the Rebellions pose a threat to the government (Edward)

A
  • Gentry failed to intervene in Norfolk, Devon and Cornwall
  • 1000 foreign mercenaries were employed - Kett’s
  • Somerset had to bring troops back from Scotland against his will
20
Q

How many foreign mercenaries were employed to deal with Kett’s rebellion

A

1000

21
Q

Western rebellion motives

A

Religious grievances:

  • Demanded reintroduction of Catholicism
  • Unfamiliarity of new protestant practices

Economic:

  • Peasants resented sheep tax
22
Q

Western rebellion

A
  • 1549
  • 3000 killed
  • William Body (Government agent) murdered
23
Q

Chantries Act

A
  • 1547
  • Chantries dissolved
  • Destroyed the key Catholic practice of connecting with the dead
  • Chantires worth £600,000
24
Q

Act of Six Articles repealed

A

1547

25
Q

Royal Injunctions

A
  • 1547
  • Removed lights, images, practices associated with Palm Sunday
  • Services now conducted in English
  • Reflected radical attitudes in governemnt
26
Q

Images removed from churches

A
  • 1548
  • Stained glass and figures removed from churches
27
Q

Act of Uniformity

A
  • 1549
  • Established a form for Church services
  • Enforced certain protestant beliefs outlined in Book of Common Prayer
28
Q

Book of Common Prayer

A
  • 1549
  • Written by Cramner
  • Included: Transubstantiation and communion of both kinds
  • Services in English
  • No prayers for dead
29
Q

Why was the Book of Common Prayer moderate

A
  • Cramner was cautious by temperament
  • He was anxious to avoid religious tension
  • He outlined what he thought would be poltically accectable
30
Q

What % of London were protestant by which year

A

20% by 1547

31
Q

Northumberlands new Treason Act

A
  • 1552
  • Offence to question royal supremacy or any Church faith articles
32
Q

Second Book of Common Prayer

A
  • 1552
  • More radical
  • Removed traces of mass
  • Reform of communion - wafer replaced by bread
  • Altars replaced by Communion tables
33
Q

Second Act of Uniformity

A
  • 1552
  • Replaced first book with second Book of Common Prayer
  • Offence for clergy and laity to not attend Church services
34
Q

How much did Wheat prices increase by under Edward VI

A

Increased by 10 shillings a quater from 1548-1551

35
Q

What was inflation by 1550

A

200%

36
Q

Poor harvest under Edward VI

A

1549

37
Q

Which place were 26 blast furnaces built in

A
  • Weald of Kent
  • Making it a major producer of cast iron
38
Q

What % of cloth trade did London control

A

90%

39
Q

What % of overseas trade was controlled by English merchants

A

70%

40
Q

What % the tax on sheep

A

5%

41
Q

Example of how the Second Book of Common Prayer was highly protestant

A

Established a Eucharist ceremony in line with Calvin’s belief in ‘spiritual presence’

42
Q

How did Edward have a difficult inheritance

A
  • Country divided on religious grounds
  • Crown finances ruined by wars against France and Scotland
  • Debasement of coinage to fund wars increased inflation
43
Q

How was the Regency Council religiously divided

A
  • Protestants: Cramner and Somerset
  • Conservatives: Earl of Southampton
44
Q

Somerset’s royal authority

A
  • By-passed Privy Council, using ‘new council instead’
  • Appointed supporter Stanhope as Chief Gentleman of Privy Chamber
  • Used 70 Royal Proclamations
45
Q

Northumberland’s royal authority

A
  • Purged conservatives Southampton and Arundel
  • Appointed his hardman Sir John Gates as Vice-Chamberlain
  • Executed Somerset 1552
46
Q

What evidence is there that people left money to parishes under Edward?

A
  • 1540-46
  • Northern wills show 70% of people left money to parishes

History (33 decks)

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