Important: Exam 2

Question 1

True or false: HPV encodes two oncogenes L1, L2

Answer 1

false

Question 2

true or false: HPV knocks out p53 and pRb

Answer 2

true

Question 3

true or false: HPV 16,18 are HIGH risk causing cancer

Answer 3

true

Question 4

true or false: Deinococcus radiodurans is a extremeophilic bacterium able to survive extremely high temperatures

Answer 4

true

Question 5

true or false: Deinococcus radiodurans was discovered when packaging cans irradiated with gamma-rays and the canned meat spoiled

Answer 5

true

Question 6

true or false: Deinococcus radiodurans GC content is at 67% and is similar to thermotolernt species

Answer 6

true

Question 7

movement toward a chemical attractant or away from a chemical repellent

Answer 7

chemotaxis

Question 8

in presence of attractant/repellent tumbling frequency is __; runs toward/away from compound are __

Answer 8

reduced, longer

Question 9

behavior of bacterium altered by temporal concentration of __

Answer 9

chemicals

Question 10

the __ is a group of proteins needed for DNA synthesis that assembles at the origin of replication

Answer 10

replisomes

Question 11

proteins are synthesized on structures called

Answer 11

ribosomes

Question 12

the major site of cell membrane synthesis is the

Answer 12

endoplasmic reiculum

Question 13

the plasma membrane of eukaryotes contain all of the following except A. phosphoglycerides B. sphingolipids C. sterols D. peptidoglycan

Answer 13

peptidoglycan

Question 14

which of the following is a function: A. tricarboxylic acid enzyme reactions B. electron transport C. ATP synthesis D. all of the above

Answer 14

all of the above

Question 15

membrane delimited intracellular structures that perform specific functions in cells are called

Answer 15

organelles

Question 16

the organelle responsible for harvesting light as an energy source for photosynthesis is the

Answer 16

chloroplasts

Question 17

T/F: Flagellar synthesis is a complex process involving many gene/genes products

Answer 17

true

Question 18

what does the new flagellin molecules get transport through for flagella synthesis

Answer 18

a hollow filament

Question 19

why do flagella disrupt run causing the cell to stop and tumble?

Answer 19

because it senses molecules so it goes to them

Question 20

changing concentration of chemical attractants and chemical repellents bind __ of chemosensory system

Answer 20

chemoreceptors

Question 21

in presence of attracts/ repellent, tumbling frequency is __ ; runs forward/away compound are ___

Answer 21

reduced, longer

Question 22

behavior of bacterium altered by what?

Answer 22

temporal concentration of chemical

Question 23

temp range for psychrophiles

Answer 23

0 to 20 degrees Celsius

Question 24

temp range for psychotrophs

Answer 24

0 to 35 degrees celsius

Question 25

temp range for mesophiles

Answer 25

20 to 45 degrees celsius

Question 26

temp range for thermophiles

Answer 26

55 to 85 degrees celsius

Question 27

temp range for hyperthermophiles

Answer 27

85 to 113 degrees celsius

Question 28

growth in prescence of different oxygen concentrations depends on:

Answer 28

metabolize processes, electron transport chains (ETC), terminal electron acceptor used

Question 29

strict anaerobic microbes lack/have very low quantities of:

Answer 29

superoxide dismutase, catalase

Question 30

attack only a few different pathogens

Answer 30

narrow spectrum drugs

Question 31

attack many different pathogens

Answer 31

broad -spectrum drugs

Question 32

kills microbes

Answer 32

cidal agent

Question 33

inhibits growth of microbes

Answer 33

static agent

Question 34

penicillin prevents the synthesis of complete __ __ leading to lysis of cell

Answer 34

cell wall

Question 35

Penicillin acts only on growing bacteria that are synthesizing new __

Answer 35

peptidoglycan

Question 36

structurally and functionally similar to penicillins

Answer 36

cephalosporins

Question 37

broad-spectrum antibiotics that can be used by most patients that are allergic to penicillin

Answer 37

cephalosporins

Question 38

vancomycin and teicoplanin are both what kind of antibiotics?

Answer 38

glycopeptide

Question 39

vancomycom amd teicoplanin inhibits or does not inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Answer 39

inhibits

Question 40

important for treatment of antibiotic resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal infections

Answer 40

vancomycin

Question 41

previously considered " drug of last resort" so rise in resistance to this drug is of great concern

Answer 41

vancomycin

Question 42

many antibiotics bind specifically to the bacterial __

Answer 42

ribosome

Question 43

large group, all with a cyclohexane ring, amino sugars

Answer 43

aminogylcoside antibiotics

Question 44

aminogylcoside antibiotics bind t 30S ribosomal subunit, interfere with protein synthesis by directly doing what ? and by causing misreading of what?

Answer 44

directly inhibiting the process and messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 45

grow optimally in the presence of NaCL or other salts at a concentration above about 0.2M

Answer 45

halophiles

Question 46

requires salt concentration of 2M and 6.2 M. also extremely concentrations of potassium

Answer 46

extreme halohpiles

Question 47

for extreme halophiles, what require high salt to maintain stability and activity

Answer 47

cell wall, proteins, and plasma membrane

Question 48

usually killed in presence of )2

Answer 48

obligate anaerobe

Question 49

requires 2-10% O2

Answer 49

microaerophile

Question 50

grow with or without O2

Answer 50

aerotolerant anerobes

Question 51

strict anerobic microbes lack/have very lo quantities of:

Answer 51

superoxide dismutase and catalase

Question 52

these attached microbes are members of complex, slime enclosed communities called

Answer 52

biofilm

Question 53

is an autoinducer molecule produced by many gram0negative organisms

Answer 53

acylhomoserine lactone

Question 54

favor the growth of some microorganisms and inhibit growth of others

Answer 54

selective media

Question 55

distinguish between different groups of microorganisms based on their biological characteristics

Answer 55

differential media

Question 56

closed system population growth eventually stops, total number of viable cells remains constant

Answer 56

stationary phase

Question 57

direct cellcan measure changes in number of cells in a population and change in mass of population

Answer 57

measurement of microbial growth