Exam 2: Viruses Flashcards
is Deinococus radiodurans gram positive or negative
positive
Deinococcus radiodurans is a cocci that is found in __ or __
pairs, tetrads
Deinococcus radiodurans is an ___ ___
obligated anaerobe
can survive extreme cold, dehydration, and radiation
Deinococcus radiodurans
how was Deinococcus radiodurans discovered
when packaging cans irradiated with gamma rays and the canned meat spoiled
can survive a radiation dose 1000 times higher than a human can survive
Deinococcus radiodurans
Deinococcus radiodurans genome consists of two __ __
circular chromosomes
has a very high G/C content (67%).
Deinococcus radiodurans
Deinococcus radiodurans is a single stranded ___
annealing
when it comes to Deinococcus radiodurans, it has high levels of __ complexes which acts as antioxidants
manganese
how did Deinococcus radiodurans evolve when it comes to radiation levels
what protects them from desiccation also protected them from radiation
infects keratinocytes
human papillmavirus (HPV)
causes skin warts, genital warts, cervical cancer, and perhaps some lung cancer
HPV (human papillomavirus)
HPV might be transmitted via ___ __
blood transfusion
most common sexually transmitted virus
human papillomavirus
most common yeast pathogens of humans
Candida albicans
candida albicans have plasma membrane and cell walll but it is not made up of peptidogylcan but ___
chitin
Is Candida albicans prokaryotic or eukaryotic
eukaryotic
true or false: candida albicans are more complex than bacteria but simpler than multicellular eukaryotic organisms
true
candida albicans are considered an
opportunistic pathogen
part of our microbione and is kept in check by our immune system and is apart of our flora
candida albicans
when stress or other issues compromise our immune system, then Candida albicans can become ___ and escape its niche
pathogenic
Candida albicans belong to what clade?
CTG
doesnt follow the standard genetic code
Candida albicans
CTG codes for __, which is a hydrophobic amino acid in most organisms
leucine
in Candida albicans, CTG codes for ___ a neutral or hydrophili
neutral
Cervcrix vaccine covers which HPV viruses?
16,18
Vaccine Gardasil covers which HPV viruses
6,11,16,18
What target HPV’s are in Gardasil 9 vaccine
6,11,16,18,31,33,45,52,58
HPV encodes 2 onocogenes, what are they?
E6,E7
True or false: E6 and E7 directly causes cancer
false
why does E6 and E7 indirectly cause cancer?
they allow very slow mutation
one of the most radiation-resistant organisms known
Deinococcus radiourans
