Ch. 5 Questions

Question 1

T/F: The distribution of lipids in the plasma membrane of eukaryotes is symmetrical

Answer 1

false

Question 2

T/F: Like proaryotic cells, most eukaryotic cells have an external cell wall

Answer 2

false

Question 3

T/F: lysosomes maintain an acidic environment by actively pumping protons into their interior

Answer 3

true

Question 4

T/F: the endoplasmic reticulum is mostly devoid of ribosomes (smooth) when cells are producing large quantities of lipid

Answer 4

true

Question 5

T/F: coated pits containing clathrin do not permit concentration of ingested marcomolecules prior to endocytosis

Answer 5

false

Question 6

endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with many ribosomes attached is called ___ ER, whereas endoplasmic reticulum that is mostly devoid of ribosomes is called __ ER

Answer 6

rough, smooth

Question 7

ribosomes synthesizing proteins that are to be excreted are located on the

Answer 7

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

T/F: the membrane bound structure that contains the chromosomes of eukaryotes is called the nucleus

Answer 8

true

Question 9

T/F: although similar in function, the eukaryotic ribosome is generally smaller and more complex than the prokaroytic ribosome

Answer 9

false; its larger not smaller

Question 10

T/F: the nucleous is a highly active region of the nuceleus that is required for synthesis of ribosomes

Answer 10

true

Question 11

T/F choloroplasts are the site for both the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis

Answer 11

true

Question 12

T/F: the majority of mitochondrial proteins are manufactured under the direction of the nuclear DNA by cytoplasmic ribosomes

Answer 12

true

Question 13

T/F: electron transport reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotes take place on the inner membrane of that structure

Answer 13

true

Question 14

the inner membrane system of chloroplasts consists of flattened sacs called __ that form stacks called _

Answer 14

thylakoids, grana

Question 15

long filaments containing microtubules and used for cellular locomotion are called __ whereas short fibers containing microtubules and used for cellular locomotion are called ___

Answer 15

flagella, cilia

Question 16

Cilia beat with two distinctive phases.. with the )) stroke, they stroke likean oar, thereby propelling the organism through the water. With the ___ stroke, cilia bend along their length while they are pulled forward

Answer 16

effective, recovery

Question 17

eukaryotic ribosomes may be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the ___ ___

Answer 17

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

T/F: the genetic code is expressed differently in bacterial and archaeal cells than in eukaryotic cells

Answer 18

false

Question 19

the __ is a complex structure or set of structures lying beneath the plasma membrane of many protozoa and some algae, which serves as a supportive mechanism for the cells

Answer 19

pellicle

Question 20

T/F:the major difference between the vacuoles of eukaryotes and the inclusion bodies of prokaroytes is that the former are membrane-bound whereas the latter are not

Answer 20

true

Question 21

T/F: Eukaryotes usually have more than one chromosome for the storafe of genetic information

Answer 21

true

Question 22

Membrane delimited intracellular structures that perform specific functions in cells are called:

Answer 22

organelles

Question 23

the plasma membrane of eukaryotes contains all of the followin except: A) phosphoglycerides B) sphingolipids C) sterols D) peptidoglycan

Answer 23

peptidoglycan

Question 24

microdomains in eukaryotic plasma membranes can participate in: A) cell movement, B) cell division C) signal transduction D) all of the above

Answer 24

all of the above

Question 25

the liquid component of the cytoplasm is known as the

Answer 25

cytosol

Question 26

protein filaments with a diameter of 4-7 nm that play a role in cell movement and shape change are called

Answer 26

microfilaments

Question 27

protein filaments with a diameter of about 10nm that are major components of the cytoskeleton are called

Answer 27

intermediate filaments

Question 28

a filamentous organelle comprised of tubulins with a diameter of 25 nm is called

Answer 28

microtubule

Question 29

the endoplasmic reticulum is composed of flattened sacs called

Answer 29

cisternae

Question 30

the process by which a cell imports large particles by enclosing them in vesicles pinched off from the plasma membrane is called

Answer 30

phagocytosis

Question 31

the golgi apparatus is responsible for the

Answer 31

packaging of materials for excretion

Question 32

a lysosome containing undigested material is called

Answer 32

a residual body

Question 33

enzymes needed to digest all types of macromolecules are found in

Answer 33

lyosomes

Question 34

proteins are synthesized on structures called

Answer 34

ribosomes

Question 35

the major site of cell membrane synthesis is the

Answer 35

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 36

which of the following parts of the golgi complex receives materials from the ER? A) Cis face B) Trans face B) cisternal edges

Answer 36

cis face

Question 37

receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 37

depends on formation of clathrin coated pits that pinch off and is used to internalize molecules such as hormones, growth factors, iron, and cholesterol

Question 38

the golgi apparatus is comprised of flattened, saclike structures called __ which maybe clustered in one region or scattered throughout the cell

Answer 38

cisternae

Question 39

stacks of cisternae in the golgi apparatus are referred to as

Answer 39

dictyosomes

Question 40

the nucleolar organizer is a part of a specific chromosome that directs the synthesis of

Answer 40

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 41

a(n) __ is a special type of lysosome used by a cell to selectively digest and recycle cytoplasmic contents, such as mitochondria

Answer 41

autophagosome

Question 42

the nucleolus plays a major role in synthesis of

Answer 42

rRNA

Question 43

which of the following is a function of mitochondrion: A. tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme reactions B. electron transport C. ATP synthesis D. all of the choices

Answer 43

all of the choices

Question 44

the organelle responsible for harvesting light as an energy source for photosynthesis is the

Answer 44

chlorpolast

Question 45

the enzymes and electron carriers involved in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are located in the __ membrane of the mitochondrion

Answer 45

inner

Question 46

the formation of carbohydrate (CO2 fixation) in the dark reaction of photosynthesis, takes place in the

Answer 46

stroma

Question 47

the light reactions of photosynthesis, which form ATP and NADPH, take place in the

Answer 47

thylakoid membrane

Question 48

construction of flagella and/or cilia is directed by the

Answer 48

basal body

Question 49

an arrangement of microtubules located in the matrix of cilia and flagella is called the

Answer 49

axoneme

Question 50

permit flagella to pull rather than push the cell

Answer 50

flimmer filaments

Question 51

the presecnce of membrane- delimited organelles within the cytoplasm is useful in distinguishing between __ cells and eukaryotic cells

Answer 51

prokaryotic