Exam 3: Viruses

Question 1

• gram pos.
• rod shaped
• anaerobic

Answer 1

clostridium tetani

Question 2

• spore forming bacteria

- description of disease by hippocrates exists from at least far back as 5BC

Answer 2

clostridium tetani

Question 3

clostridium tetani produces a toxin called

Answer 3

tetanospasmin

Question 4

when it comes to clostridium tetani, it has a potent neuotoxin (tetanospasmin) that is similar to

Answer 4

stychnine

Question 5

tetanospasmin is the 2nd highest toxin known next to __ toxin from another Clostrium sp.

Answer 5

botulinum

Question 6

tetanospasmin can lead to ___ failure

Answer 6

respiratory

Question 7

clostridium tetani migrates through the __ __ system and then is transported to the __ ___ system

Answer 7

peripheral nervous, central nervous

Question 8

clostridium tetani causes generalized contracions of the __ and __ musculature

Answer 8

agonist, antagonist

Question 9

tetanic spasms can occur in a distinctive form called __ and be sufficiently severe to fracture long bones

Answer 9

opisthotonos

Question 10

vaccines against tetanospasmin needs to be vaccinated every __ years

Answer 10

10

Question 11

member of the orthmoyxoviridae family

Answer 11

influenza

Question 12

• enveloped virus with 7 or 8 (-) ssRNA strands

- different strains are identified by 2 envelope proteins

Answer 12

influenza

Question 13

type A influenza infects…? how many segments?

Answer 13

avian and mammals. 8 RNA segments

Question 14

type B influenza infects..? how many segments?

Answer 14

humans and seals. 8 RNA segments

Question 15

type C influenza infects..? how many segments?

Answer 15

humans and pigs. 7 RNA segments

Question 16

major type A epidemics:

Answer 16

H1N1, H2N2, H3N2, H5N1,H5N7

Question 17

caused spanish flu (1918) and swine flu (2009)

Answer 17

H1N1

Question 18

caused Asian flu (1957)

Answer 18

H2N2

Question 19

H3N2 caused what kind of flu?

Answer 19

Hong Kong flu

Question 20

H5N1 caused what kind of flu?

Answer 20

bird flu

Question 21

___ primarily an avian virus but has a very high mortality rate in humans (70%)

Answer 21

H5N1

Question 22

H1N1 may have started in more than one location:

Answer 22

Haskell county, Kansas, Brest, France

Question 23

bunyaviridae family

Answer 23

hantavirus

Question 24

(-)ssRNA genome segmented

• 3 RNA strands
• ambisense

Answer 24

hantavirus

Question 25

single stranded genome that contains both positive sense and negative sense

Answer 25

hantavirus

Question 26

all bunyavinidae family members are transmitted by arthropods except for

Answer 26

hantavirus

Question 27

member of the paramxoviridae family

Answer 27

measles

Question 28

single -stranded, neg sense, enveloped RNA virus (-ssRNA)

Answer 28

measles

Question 29

___ are the only natural hosts of the virus in measles

Answer 29

humans

Question 30

mutation rate of the virus indicates the measles virus emerged from rinderpest virus as __ disease between 1100 to 1200 AD

Answer 30

zoonotic

Question 31

who developed vaccine for measles

Answer 31

Maurice Hilleman

Question 32

measles attack what cells?

Answer 32

immune