Implantation

Question 1

Implantation

Answer 1

embedding of embryo in the uterine lining. Embryo completely sinks in. Uterine cells cover embryo.

Question 2

Chorion

Answer 2

fetal part of placenta

Question 3

Decidua

Answer 3

maternal part of placenta

Question 4

placenta

Answer 4

exchange organ between maternal and fetal circulation

Question 5

major placenta functions

Answer 5

gas, nutrient, and antibody exchange

Question 6

umbilical veins

Answer 6

receive O2 and nutrients form maternal blood to provide to fetus.

Question 7

umbilical arteries

Answer 7

send away CO2 and waste from fetus into maternal blood.

Question 8

Antibody

Answer 8

protective proteins made by immune system. Maternal antibodies cross placenta to protect fetus

Question 9

what harmful things can cross the placenta, and what are their effects?

Answer 9

alcohol: causes fetal alcohol syndrome.
crack/cocaine: addict fetus
infectious agents: harm fetus

Question 10

decidua

Answer 10

forms from the endometrium

Question 11

decidual reaction

Answer 11

endometrial changes due to implantation. provides an area safe from mother’s immune system.

Question 12

chorion

Answer 12

forms from the trophoblast.

Question 13

chorionic villi

Answer 13

extensions of the chorion where exchanges occur between fetal and maternal blood.

Question 14

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Answer 14

hormone produced by developing placenta. detected in pregnancy tests.

Question 15

when do medical dictionaries say pregnancy and conception begin?

Answer 15

most commonly at fertilization. Implantation is a less common starting point.

Question 16

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 16

an implantation in an abnormal area. most common in uterine tubes.

Question 17

what are the effects of an ectopic pregnancy in the uterine tubes?

Answer 17

the growth of the embryo can cause the tube to burst. the blood loss can be fatal.

Question 18

what causes an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 18

slowed transport, which promotes premature hatching.

Question 19

what causes cilia problems?

Answer 19

smoking, age.

Question 20

how do STDs slow oocyte transport?

Answer 20

Gonorrhea and chlamydia can scar uterine tubes, which create obstacles.

Question 21

endometriosis

Answer 21

endometrium-like tissue in abnormal areas. can promote uterine tubes scarring, and provides abnormal areas of easy implantation.

Question 22

expectant mangment

Answer 22

a way to treat ectopic pregnancies. Close observation with interventions only when symptoms manifest. often results in natural embryo death, which makes other treatments licit. It also may allow embryo to gestate until it can be surgically delivered, but imminent danger requires another treatment.

Question 23

salpingectomy

Answer 23

removal of uterine tube containing embryo. licit under principle of double effect. kills conceptus, and makes future pregnancies more difficult.

Question 24

salpingostomy

Answer 24

removal of embryo, leaving uterine tube intact. kills conceptus, may or may not be licit.

Question 25

methotrexate

Answer 25

a drug that prevents cell division growth. kills conceptus by preventing growth of trophoblast. may or may not be licit.

Question 26

embryo transfer

Answer 26

transfer of embryo to womb. may be a licit use of an artificial womb.