Immunomodulation Immunopharmacology Flashcards
Immunomodulation/immunopharmacology
Manipulate the immune response via stimulation or suppression of the immune response
Radiation targets and effects
Targets DNA and Water- causing DNA mutations, and free oxygen and hydroxyl radicals that damage cells
Corticosteriods targets and effects
NF-kB- decreasing gene transcription and cytokine synthesis
Cyclophophasmide targets and effects
DNA- suppresses bone marrow
Methotrexate targets and effects
dihydrofolate reductase- inhibits the synthesis of thymidine and purine nucleotides
Azatiophrine targets and effects
DNA- inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis
Effects of Corticosteroids on Neutrophils
decreases chemotaxis, margination, phagocytosis, ADCC, bactericidal activity
inhibits phospholipase A2
Effects of corticosteroids on macrophages
decreases chemotaxis, phagocytosis, bactericidal activity, IL-1 and IL-6 production and antigen processing
Effects of corticosteroids on lymphocytes
decreased proliferation, T cell response, T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, IL-2 production, lymphokine production
Effects of corticosteroids on complement
NONE
Example of corticosteroids in small animal
prednisolone and methylprednisolone
Example of corticosteroids in large animal
betamethasone, dexamethasone
Examples of non specific immunosuppressives
radiation, corticosteroids, cyclphosphamide, methotrexate and axatiophrine
Examples of selective immunsuppressives
cyclosporine, tracolimus, rapamycin, mycophenolate, lefunomide, antiserum, antibodies
Cyclsporine effect on teh immune system
blocks TH1 response and MHC 1 expression
What drug is ideal treatment in organ transplant and hypersensitivities?
cyclosporine