Immunology of Infectious Disease

Question 1

T/F: Viruses do not replicate without host machinery?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

T/F: External Antigens, Membrane and capsid of a virus. Antibodies to external antigens are protective 70% of the time- neutralizing antibodies that stop the virus from binding to its receptors.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Internal antigens of a virus. Mainly the ____________, but antibodies to internal antigens are protective/non-protective?

Answer 3

Nucleocapsid, non-protective

Question 4

Viruses selectively destroy and affect certain tissues because:

Answer 4

Attachment is through the specific receptors

Question 5

Small viruses “slipping” through the membrane by chance and hydrophobicity is called what?

Answer 5

Viropexis penetration

Question 6

Most viruses enter cells in this way:

Answer 6

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 7

T/F: Uncoating occurs in the nucleus by enzymes or through phagolysosomal granules

Answer 7

False: occurs in cytoplasm

Question 8

Replication of viruses: DNA viruses replicate in the ________

Answer 8

Nucleus- but both RNA and DNA make protein through mRNA

Question 9

Replication of viruses: RNA viruses replicate in the ________

Answer 9

cytoplasm- but both RNA and DNA make protein through mRNA

Question 10

Immunity to viruses is primarily __ Cell mediated. Explain:

Answer 10

T-cell: Class I restricted cytotoxic cells as all nucleated cells have MHC class I.

Question 11

T/F: In virus infections, you can have Non-neutralizing and neutralizing antibodies?

Answer 11

True- Hopefully you have neutralizing antibodies

Question 12

Interferon (IFN) alpha and beta do what?

Answer 12

Are released by virally infected cells to the surrounding cells. Have the capability of inhibiting viral infection of the uninfected cells.

Question 13

Interferon-gamma causes increased __________

Answer 13

Responsiveness

Question 14

T/F: Bacteria have their own MHC Class I and MHC class II

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Catalase is 1 way bacteria escape phagocytosis. What does catalase break down?

Answer 15

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 16

If you have a bacterial abscess and cut it open, what 4 things would you most likely see from bacterial immunity?

Answer 16

Antibody, macrophages, neutrophils, complement. Mediated by CD4 T helper cells.

Question 17

Immunity to fungi: Primarily cell mediated through:

Answer 17

MHC Class I and Class II- probably through some antigen presentation through dendritic cells

Question 18

Important cells in parasite immunity:

Answer 18

T cells, macrophages (directly killing it or effector cells release cytokines), B cells (produce IgE- wash out parasite). Look at end of Immunity to fungi lecture for a chart if you want more detail.