Immunology Flashcards
HLA A3
hemochromatosis
HLA B27
PAIR
- psoriatic arthritis, ank spon, IBD, reactive arthritis
HLA DQ2/DQ8
celiac disease
HLA DR2
MS, hay fever, SLE, goodpasture, syndrome
HLA DR3
DM 1, SLE, Graves Disease
HLA DR4
RA, DM 1
HLA DR5
pernicious anemia, Hashimoto thyroiditis
IL-1
secreted by macrophages. endogenous pyrogen, also called osteoclast activating factor. causes fever, acute inflammation. activates endothelium to express adhesion molecules, induces cytokine secretion to recruit leukocytes
- “Hot T-bone stEAK”
- stimulates hot (fever), T cells, bone marrow, IgE, IgA, aKute phase reactants production
IL-2
secreted by all T cells, stimulates growth of helper, cytotoxic and regulatory T cels
- can be used for tumor regression in RCC and metastatic melanoma
IL-3
secreted by all T cells
- support the growth and differentiation of BM stem cells. functions like GM-CSF
IL-4
secreted by TH2 cells
- induces differentiation into TH2 cells, promotes growth of B cells
- enhances class switching to IgG and IgE
IL-5
secreted by TH2 cells
- promotes differentiation of B cells, enhances class switching to IgA
- stimulates the growth and differentiation of eosinophils
IL-6
secreted by macrophages and TH2 cells
- an endogenous pyrogen
- fever and stimulates production of acute phase proteins
IL-8
secreted my macrophages
- major chemotactic factor for neutrophils
IL-10
secreted by TH2 cells and Treg
- modulates inflammatory response, inhibits actions of activated T cells and Th1
- enhances IL4 and 5 secretion from TH2
IL-12
secreted by macrophages and B cells
- induces differentiation of T cells into Th1 cells
- activates NK cells
TNF-alpha
secreted by macrophages
- mediates septic shock, activates endothelium, causes leukocyte recruitment and vascular leak
- mediates cachexia
IFN gamma
secreted by Th1 cells
- has antiviral and antitumor properties
- activates NK cells
- increases MHC expression and antigen presentation in all cells
- used therapeutically in CGD
INF alpha and beta
- interferes with viral replication by halting protein synthesis in virally infected cells
- essentially results in apoptosis
- alpha used therapeutically in Hep B/C, Kaposi sarcoma, hairy cell leukemia, condyloma acuminatum, RCC and malignant melanoma
- beta used therapeutically in MS
T cell surface receptors
- TCR, CD3, CD28 (binds to B7 in APC)
- Helper T cells have CD4 and CD40 ligand
- Cytotoxic T cells have CD8
B cell surface receptors
- CD19, CD20, CD21 (EBV entry), CD40
- MHC II, B7
macrophage cell surface receptors
- CD 14, CD 40
- MHC II, B7
- Fc and C3b receptors
NK cell surface receptors
- CD 16 (binds Fc of IgG)
- CD 56 (unique marker for NK)
Type I HS reaction
- anaphylactic and atopic - free antigen cross links with IgE (aggregation of IgE-Fc receptors triggers degranulation) on mast cells/basophils triggering immediate release of histamine and tryptase (sensitive for mast cell activation)
- delayed response due to leukotrienes
- test: skin test for IgE