Immunology Flashcards
functions of ILs:
IL-1 IL-2 IL-3 IL-4 IL-5 IL-10 IL-12 IL-13
IL-1: produced by macrophages, activate naive Th0 lymphocytes and promote their differentiation into Th1 or Th2. Also an endogenous pyrogen.
IL-2: The 1st IL produced by Tc after contact with Ag. secreted by CD4+ Th1 (center for cell-mediated immunity), stimulate the autocrine proliferation of Th1 cells; also stimulates the development of CD8+ cytotoxic cells and Bc
IL-3: released by activated T.c, support the growth and differentiation of BMC stem cells
IL-4: CD4+ Th2 cell product; promote IgE and possibly IgG production by B cells as part of humoral immunity; RESPONSIBLE for Ab phenotype switching!!
IL-5: Th2 product, stimulate eosinophil production and activation of B-cell synthesis of IgA
IL-10: INHIBITOR for immune response (这和其他的白介素都相反！！）regulate the balance between Th1 and Th2, produced by Th2 and inhibits the synthesis of INF-g, leading to a decrease in the Th1 subpopulation
IL-12: synthesized by macrophages, promote the differentiation of Th1 cells
IL-13: Th2 product, promote IgE production by B.c.
ILs associated with Th1: IL-2, IL-12
ILs associated with Th2: IL-4, IL-5, IL-13
Chédiak–Higashi syndrome
AR, defect in lysosomal trafficking regulator gene (LYST). Microtubule dysfunction in phagosome-lysosome fusion
Cx: immunodeficiency (recurrent pyogenic infections by Staphylococci and streptococci), partial albinism (light skin + silvery hair), nystagmus, peripheral neuropathy, progressive neurodegeneration, infiltrative lymphohistocytosis
Rx: giant granules in neutrophils and platelets, pancytopenia, mild coagulation defects
major effector cells for contact dermatitis are?
CD8+ Tc
4 types of hypersensitivity reactions
ACID
Dx: late separation of umbilical cord + recurrent skin infections, poor wound healing
deficit? change in neutrophils?
Dx: LAD (leukocyte adhesion deficiency)
AR, absence of CD18 Ag required for formation of integrins
increased neutrophils, but absence of neutrophils at infection sites
Dx: veterinarian, tender axillary lymphadenopathy + scratch marks on the arm
病原体？also associated with?
Dx: cat-scrath disease
病原体: Bartonella henselae
also associated with:
1. bacillary angiomatosis (BA, 杆菌性血管瘤病) in immunocompromised pts
BA presents as red-purple papular skin lesions, proliferation also occurs in the viscera; could be fatal
- culture-negative endocarditis
Fas pathway function? defect causes ?
extrinsic apoptotic pathway;
defect causes impaired T cell death ⇒ autoimmune diseases such as SLE
IL-2:
produced by?
function?
use to treat?
IL-2: The 1st IL produced by Tc after contact with Ag. secreted by CD4+ Th1 (center for cell-mediated immunity), stimulate the autocrine proliferation of Th1 cells; also stimulates the development of CD8+ cytotoxic cells and Bc
Rx: RCC
