Immunology Flashcards
2 branches of the immune system
acquired and innate
examples of physical barriers within the innate immune system
skin
mucous membranes
saliva
urine/tears
stomach acid
examples of chemical barriers within the innate immune system
inflammatory responses
is inflammation innate or adaptive
innate
5 cardinal signs of inflammation
- heat - due to vasodilation
- redness - due to vasodilation
- swelling - due to increased vascular permeability
- pain - due to physical and chemical stimulation of nociceptors
- loss of function - secondary to pain, disruption of tissue structure
key cells of the innate immune system
- natural killer cells - lymphocytes that destroy infected host cells
- interferons - cytokines that elicit cellular reactions
- complement cascade - proteins in blood
end result of complement activation
formation of Membrane Attach Complex (MAC)
pore within plasma membrane
2 branches of the adaptive immune system
T-cell immunity
B-cell immunity
which branch of the immune system is capable of a specific/targeted response
acquired
5 types of immunoglobulins
IgM
IgG
IgE
IgA
IgD
which immunoglobulin is formed first
IgM
which immuniglobulin is the most abundant
IgG
what are the main functions of antibodies
- neutralization - cannot infect
- coating - phagocytosis
- opsonization - IgE binds to parasites for eosinophils to destroy
- complement activation - antigenic cell lysis
- precipitation - may cause pathology
which type of lymphocyte is involved with the cell-mediated branch of the adaptive immune response
T-cells
which type of lymphocyte is involved with the humoral branch of the adaptive immune response
B-cells
