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Clinical Pathology > Ectoparasites > Flashcards

Ectoparasites Flashcards

1
Q

examples of insects

A

fleas, lice, flies

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2
Q

examples of arachnids

A

ticks and mites

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3
Q

what diseases can fleas transmit

A

bubonic plague, tularemia, pruritus, dermatitis

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4
Q

flea life cycle

A
  1. flea on animal drops eggs
  2. eggs drop off host
  3. eggs hatch and feed on debris
  4. larvae form cocoons
  5. larvae form pupae
  6. adults need on host blood
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5
Q

how else can fleas cause disease

A

saliva is antigenic and irritating, heavy infestations can cause anemia

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6
Q

fleas vs lice

A

Fleas - laterally compressed and wingless
Lice - dorsoventrally flattened and wingless

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7
Q

two types of lice

A

mallophagic - biting and chewing
anopluric - sucking

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8
Q

life cycle of lice

A
  1. hatch in 5 - 14 days
  2. nymphal stage: 3 stages, 2 - 3 weeks
  3. adult stage
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9
Q

term for louse infestation

A

pediculosis

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10
Q

3 species of flies and diseases they transmit

A
  1. biting midges - bluetongue virus in sheep, sweet itch in horses
  2. blackflies - Leukocytozoon
  3. sandflies - leishmaniasis and viral diseases
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11
Q

what are sheep keds

A

hippoboscids
flattened, wingless flies
look like ticks
spend entire life on host
cause pruritus

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12
Q

myiasis

A

when larvae develop in the tissues or organs of hosts

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13
Q

two types of arachnids

A

ticks and mites

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14
Q

what is an infestation of mites or ticks called

A

acariasis

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15
Q

common ticks in US

A
  1. Amblyomma americanum (Lone Star Tick)
  2. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown Dog Tick)
  3. Ixodes scapularis (Deer Tick)
  4. Dermacentor variabilis (Wood Tick)
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16
Q

saliva in some female ticks can cause what

A

tick paralysis

17
Q

mites discussed in class

A
  1. sarcoptidae
  2. demodex
  3. psoroptidae
18
Q

where are the mites found

A
  1. sarcoptidae - burrowed or tunneled in epidermic
  2. demodex - hair follicles and sebaceous glands of skin
  3. psoroptidae - surface of skin
19
Q

which mites are contagious/potentially zoonotic

A
  1. sarcoptidae - zoonotic
  2. demodex - not zoonotic
  3. psoroptidae - not zoonotic (generally)

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