Immunology Flashcards
An enhanced state of responsiveness to a specific substance, introduced by prior contact with that substance
Immunity
What are the two types of immunity?
Natural/Innate immunity
Acquired/adaptive immunity
What are the characteristics of the two types of immunity? (5)
Specificity
Mechanical
Humoral
Cellular
Induction
Of the 5 characteristics of types of immunity, what are the characteristics of natural/innate immunity?
Specificity: Nonspecific
Mechanical: Skin, mucous membrane
Humoral: pH, lysozome, serum proteins
Cellular: White blood cells
Induction: Constitutive, does not acquire immunization
Of the 5 characteristics of types of immunity, what are the characteristics of acquired immunity?
Specificity: Specific
Mechanical: Immune induced reactive fibrosis
Humoral: Immunoglobulin antibodies
Cellular: Specifically sensitized lymphocytes
Induction:
requires previous contact for immunization
Of the two types of immunity, this is present since birth and is nonspecific.
Natural immunity
With natural immunity, what are the examples of its components? (6)
Skin
Mucus membrane
Macrophages
Monocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Of the two types of immunity, this is expressed after exposure to a given specific substance.
Acquired immunity
What are the two components of acquired immunity?
Primary immune response
Secondary/anamnestic immune response
What are the characteristics of primary immune response?
-Initial exposure to a certain pathogen
-Followed by induction or specifically reactive T cells
What are the characteristics of secondary/anamnestic immune response?
-Contact to known pathogen
-Production of antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes which increases resistance to pathogen
What are the two types of acquired immunity?
Humoral immunity
Cell-mediated immunity
What are the four main components of the immune system?
Central lymphoid organs
Peripheral lymphoid organs
Cells of the immune system
Molecules of the immune system
In the four main components of the immune system, what are included in the central lymphoid organs? (3)
Bone marrow
Thymus
Bursa
Why are the central lymphoid organs important?
They are the location of lymphoid cell maturation