General Microbiology A Flashcards
Define Microbiology (Keywords)
-science
-study of organisms
-too small to be seen by the naked eye
Microbes included in the study of Microbiology (6)
Bacteria
Fungi
Viruses
Protozoa
Prions
Viroids
Suggested that disease was caused by invisible living creatures (2)
Lucretius
Girolamo Fracastoro
Performed the earliest microscopic observation and observed bees and weevils
Francesco Stelluti
Science or study of diseases in animal population
Epizoology
Term for the factors such as events, characteristics, or other definable entity that brings about change in a health condition or other defined characteristic.
Determinants
First to observe world of microorganisms. Observed “animalcules”
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Places meat in a jar and covered the jar with gauze to prevent direct access by flies. Proved that maggots were not spontaneously generated on decaying meat.
Francesco Redi
Suggested that spontaneous generation of animalcules resulted from the decay of more complex organisms. He thought organic matter contained a vital force that could confer the property of life on nonliving matter
John Needham
He proposed that air carried germs. Experiment: sealed flasks with water and seeds, boiled it. No growth. Proved how important air and temp to microbial growth
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Followed Spallanzani’s experiment, allowed air to pass in an acid but did not seal the flask.
Franz Schutz
Followed Spallanzani’s experiment, allowed air to pass in a red hot tube before allowing it to enter flask.
Theodor Schwann
Modified Spallanzani’s experiment, allowed air to enter flask of a heat-sterilized medium after it passed through sterile cotton wool. Resulted to no growth. (2)
Georg Friedrich Schoeder
Theodor von Dusch
Settled microbial origin by doing multiple experiments. First, filtered air through cotton and found objects that resembled plant spores. Found that when this piece of cotton was placed in a sterile medium that microbial growth appeared. Second, he placed nutrient solutions in flasks, heated their necks in a flame, and drew them out into a variety of curves, while keeping the ends of the necks open to the atmosphere. He then boiled the solutions and then let them cool down, these resulted in no microbial growth. Thus was called the Grandfather of Microbiology.
Louis Pasteur
Delt the final blow to spontaneous generation by using his special box. Using light, demonstrating visible presence of particles when shine upon. Proving that microorganisms were present in dust particles and the air. He also demonstrated the existence of heat-stable microorganisms (endospores).
John Tyndall
Field of science that aims to rebuild or create new life form from scratch by combining different molecules from different species
Synthetic biology
Made the first specific causal association between microorganism and disease in 1834 by proving a disease in silkworms was caused by fungal infection.
Agostino Bassi
Did practical use of proof of infection cause microorganisms by attempting to prevent postsurgical infection by the use of aseptic technique. Specifically, he used diluted phenol both on wound dressing and phenol aerosol during surgical prcedures.
Joseph Lister
She was the first to propose the use of agar to solidify a nutrient medium.
Frannie Elishemius Hesse
Developed the petri dish (plate) to contain solid culture media.
Richard Petri
He introduced the scientific approach to the field of medical microbiology by establishing rules necessary to create a cause-and-effect relationship between a microorganism and a disease
Robert Koch
What are the two major categories of microorganisms/microbes?
Acellular
Cellular
In the two major categories of microbes, what are the groups under the acellular category? (3)
Viroids
Prions
Viruses
These are microbes that are small, obligate, intracellular particles that possesses no organelles, cytoplasm, nucleus or nucleoid.
Virus
