Immunologic testing

Question 1

Assay with antigen forming lattice of antibodies–> clumping visible to naked eye:

Answer 1

direct agglutination assay

Question 2

Assay with latex beads bound to Fc of antibodies –> clump if antigen present –> latex beads are what is actually visualized:

Answer 2

passive agglutination assay

Question 3

Binding of antibody and antigen at “equivalence” concentration forms visible precipitate:

Answer 3

Immunoprecipitation Assay

Question 4

Hemagglutination to detect antibodies present, positive test = ?

Answer 4

RBC’s float

negative test sinks to form a “button”

Question 5

Hemagglutination to detect virus, positive test = ?

Answer 5

RBCs sink, form:

BUTTON

Question 6

Negative test result in complement fixation assays:

Answer 6

RBC lysis

Question 7

Fluorescently tagged antibodies bind to antigen:

Answer 7

Direct immnofluorescence

Question 8

Fluorescently tagged antibodies bind to unlabeled anti-antigen antibodies:

Answer 8

Indirect Immunofluorescence

Question 9

Antibodies attached to surface of microtiter well –> antigen binds on top –> tagged antibodies bind on top of antigen –> add substrate for enzyme and measure color present to QUANTIFY amount of antigen present:

Answer 9

Direct ELISA

Question 10

Antigen attached to surface of microtiter –> antibody binds on top –> anti-antibody antibodies bind on top (tagged)

• tells what kind of Ig’s present (IgG, IgM, etc)
• also quantitative

Answer 10

Indirect ELISA

Question 11

Antigen attached to microtiter surface –> no reaction = positive result?

Answer 11

Competitive ELISA

Question 12

Gel containing proteins gets electric current passed through

-used to dx HIV

Answer 12

Western Blot

Question 13

Laser looks for surface proteins to identify cell types present?

Answer 13

Flow Cytometry

Question 14

T-cell : all other lympocytes (ratio)

Answer 14

2:1

Question 15

B-cell : NK cell (ratio)

Answer 15

3:1