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IHO week 6 and Final > Block 2 high yield > Flashcards

Block 2 high yield Flashcards

1
Q

alpha/beta T cells

A

bind MHC I and II

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2
Q

gamma/delta T cells

A

bind dirctly w/o MHC

protect mucosal surfaces

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3
Q

T cell

IFN-y

angry mac’s

A

Th1

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4
Q

like Th1 but more powerful

A

Th17

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5
Q

Th’s promote healing

A

Th2

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6
Q

Th’s

help B-cells activate and class switch

A

Thf

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7
Q

Th’s

IL-10

A

Tregs

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8
Q

APC — T cell binding

first signal molecules

A

APC MHC —- TCR (CD8 or CD4)

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9
Q

APC — T cell co-stim

A

APC B7 (CD 80/86) —- T cell CD28

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10
Q

APC —- T cell

adhesion

A

APC ICAM 1/3 —– T cell LFA-1

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11
Q

2 general T cell activators

A

IL-2

IL-15

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12
Q

Th1 activators

A

IL-12

INF-y

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13
Q

Th2 activator

A

IL-4

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14
Q

down regulates Th1’s

A

IL-10

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15
Q

down regulates Th1’s and 2’s

A

TGF-B

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16
Q

FAS

A

target cell receptor inducing caspase –> apoptosis

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17
Q

FAS ligand

A

T-cell molecule –> binds FAS –> apoptosis of target cell

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18
Q

most abundant Ig

crosses placenta

A

IgG

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19
Q

first, biggest Ig

A

IgM

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20
Q

B cell membrane Ig….that’s all

A

IgD

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21
Q

Ig in secretions

A

IgA

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22
Q

Ig attaches to Mast cells

A

IgE

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23
Q

IgE mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type 1

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24
Q

Automimmune Ig mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type 2

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25
Q

Immune complex mediates hypersensitivity

A

Type 3

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26
Q

T-cell mediated hypersensitivity

A

Type 4

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27
Q

No B-cells

A

X-linked agammaglobulinemia

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28
Q

failure of Ig class switching

A

CD40 ligand def

or

Activation induced Cytidine deaminase def

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29
Q

failure to produce Ig’s against certain antigens

A

common variable immunodeficiency

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30
Q

VDJ recombination failure… no BCR or TCR

A

Omenn Syndrome

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31
Q

failure to produce mature T-cells

A

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency

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32
Q

failure of thymus development

A

DiGeorge Syndrome

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33
Q

CD8/NKs don’t release granules

A

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

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34
Q

point mutation in B-globin chain

A

Sickle cell

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35
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Sickle cell

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36
Q

Pappenheimer bodies

A

Sickle cell

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37
Q

Can’t make enough a or B globin

A

Thalassemia

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38
Q

Morphology of thalassemia

A

hypochromic

microcytic

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39
Q

Basophilic stippling

A

thalassemia

40
Q

Demographic for a-thalassemia

A

Asians, blacks

41
Q

Demographic for B-thalassemia

A

Mediterranean

Asian

Black

42
Q

Bite cells

A

G6PD deficiency

43
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

44
Q

Schistocytes

A

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

**severely deformed cells

45
Q

Triangulocytes

A

MAHA

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

46
Q

Fe absorption OK

…release of Fe screwed up due to overproduction of…

…HEPCIDIN

can’t get Fe into Hgb

A

Anemia of Chronic Disease

47
Q

Three labs to differentiate ACD from IDA:

A

ACD:

  • dec TIBC
  • inc ferritin
  • inc marrow storage Fe

IDA:

  • inc TIBC
  • dec ferritin
  • dec marrow storage Fe
48
Q

lack of EPO
ESRD

ECHINOCYTES (spiny RBCs)

A

Anemia of Renal Disease

49
Q

Pancytopenia

Empty Marrow

usually idiopathic

A

Aplastic anemia

50
Q

C4b2a

A

C3 convertase

51
Q

Complement proteins that covalently bind bacteria

A

C4b

C3b

52
Q

C4b2a3b

A

C5 convertase

53
Q

Complement pathway activated by antigen-antibody complexes:

A

Classical

54
Q

Complement pathway activated by polysaccharides on microbes:

A

Mannose-binding lectin pathway

55
Q

Complement pathway activated by LPS, foreign surfaces, nucleophiles:

A

Alternative

56
Q

C1q, C1r, C1s, C4, C2

A

Classical pathway

57
Q

MBL
MASP-1
MASP-2

A

Mannose binding lectin pathway

58
Q 
C3
H20
Factor B
Factor D
Properdin
A

Alternative pathway

59
Q

C5, C6, C7, C8, C9

A

Terminal lytic pathway

MAC attack (Neisseria)

60
Q

Ig’s involved in Classical pathway?

A

IgG (2)

IgM

61
Q

Protects human cells from C3b binding:

A

sialic acid

62
Q

C3bBb

A

Alternative pathway’s C3-convertase

63
Q

Stabilizes C3bBb

A

Properdin

64
Q

C3bBbC3b

A

Alternative pathway’s C5-convertase

65
Q

CD59

A

Protectin

inhibits binding of C9

66
Q

Binds C3bBb floating around and dissociates the Bb

A

Factor H

67
Q

Uncontrolled complement activation leading to consumption of C4 and C2:

A

C1 Inh deficiency

**inhibits C1 esterase which cleaves C4/C2

68
Q

CD35

A

CR1

Transport of immune complexes by RBC

69
Q

Transport of immune complexes by RBC

A

CR1 (CD35) — binds C3b

70
Q

binds C3d, C3dg, iC3b

on B cells, activated T cells, epithelial cells

increases humoral immunity

high affinity for EBV

A

CR2 (CD21)

71
Q

CR3

CR4

A

cell adhesion

72
Q

Rh factor refers to which antigen?

A

D

73
Q

In massive hemorrhage, transfuse with:

A

Whole blood

74
Q

In low hgb, transfuse with:

A

Red cells

75
Q

to reduce alloimmunization and allergic rxns, transfuse with:

A

Leukocyte-reduced Red-cells

76
Q

Storage of rare blood types:

A

Frozen Red Cells

77
Q

In sepsis and neutropenic patients, transfuse:

A

Granulocytes

78
Q

In bleeding due to thrombocytopenia, transfuse with:

A

Platelets

79
Q

In bleeding due to multiple factor deficiencies, transfuse with:

A

Fresh Frozen Plasma

80
Q

low fibrinogen, vW disease, hemophilia A, factor XIII deficiency, transfuse with:

A

Cryoprecipitate

81
Q

hemophilia A, transfuse with:

A

factor VIII

82
Q

hemophilia B, transfuse with:

A

factor IX

83
Q

hypovolemia, hypoproteinemia, transfuse with:

A

albumin

84
Q

disease prophylaxis, AI disease, immune deficiency states, transfuse with:

A

IvIg

85
Q

Adding antibodies and then anti-anitbody antibodies to patients red cells:

A

Forward type

86
Q

adding reagent red cells to patient serum, then adding AHG:

A

Reverse type

87
Q

H+ decrease
P-CO2 decrease
Temp decrease

with regards to hgb-O2 binding.

A

increases affinity

curve shifts left

88
Q

H+ increase
P-CO2 increase
temp increase
BPG increase

with regards to hgb-O2 binding.

A

decreased affinity

curve shifts right

89
Q

benzocaine

A

methemoglobin

90
Q

Acites in cirrhosis due to:

A

reduced protein

oncotic pressure sends fluid out of vessels

91
Q

defect in RBC cytoskeleton

A

hereditary spherocytosis

92
Q

Prevention for hemolytic disease of the newborn:

A

Rhogam

93
Q

Tx for jaundice newborn:

A

phototherapy

94
Q

Tx in severe HDN:

A

exchange transfusion

95
Q

Causes of mature lymphocytosis:

A

infectious

Bordetella pertussis

transient stress

96
Q

causes of reactive lymphocytosis

A

infectious mono

peds viral infx

viral hepatitis

immune disorders

97
Q

Basophilia

A

CML
CML
CML

IHO week 6 and Final (14 decks)

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