Immunochemical Techniques

Question 1

Competitive formats use ________ reagents (antibody or other antigen binder)

Answer 1

LIMITED

Question 2

Noncompetitive formats use _______ reagents (antibody or other antigen binder) and are two-site or “________” assays

Answer 2

EXCESS

sandwich

Question 3

What does it mean that competitive immunoassays are simultaneous?

Answer 3

all reactants are mixed together simultaneously or at the same time

Question 4

Simultaneous Competitive Immunoassay:

- Principle

Answer 4

Labled and unlabeled antigen compete for a limited number of binding sites on an antibody binder. Avidity for the antibody is the same for both.

Question 5

Simultaneous Competitive Immunoassay:

- Proportionality observed between bound able and unlabeled antigen concentrations

Answer 5

The probability of labeled Ag binding to the antibody binder is inversely proportional to (unlabeled Ag)

Question 6

Simultaneous Competitive Immunoassays

- Examples of tests

Answer 6

RIA, FIA, EIA

Question 7

Noncompetitive Immunoassay:

- Principle

Answer 7

A captured antibody is bound to a solid phase. Unlabeled antigen reacts with the solid phase antibody, then there’s a washing step. Labeled antibody is added; it reacts with the unbound antigen on a 2nd and distinct epitope. Another washing step occurs, and the amount of the bound label is determined

Question 8

Noncompetitive Immunoassay:

- Proportionality observed between bound able and unlabeled antigen concentrations

Answer 8

directly proportional

Question 9

What is the difference of a heterogeneous immunoassays from homogeneous immunoassays?

Answer 9

Heterogeneous require a separation step to separate the bound label from the free, unbound reactants. Homogeneous do not require a separation step

Question 10

EMIT:

- what does it stand for

Answer 10

Enzyme-Multiplied Immunoassay Technique

Question 11

EMIT:

- What is detected

Answer 11

change in absorbance after adding substrate

Question 12

EMIT:

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous

Answer 12

Homogenous

Question 13

EMIT:

- Proportionality

Answer 13

direct

Question 14

ELISA:

- what does it stand for

Answer 14

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Question 15

ELISA:

- what is detected

Answer 15

Change in absorbance

Question 16

ELISA:

- Homogeneous or heterogeneous

Answer 16

Heterogeneous

Question 17

ELISA:

- Proportionality

Answer 17

Direct or indirect

Question 18

MEIA:

- What does it stand for

Answer 18

Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay

Question 19

MEIA:

- What is detected

Answer 19

fluorescences

Question 20

MEIA:

- Homogeneous or Heterogenous

Answer 20

Heterogenous?

Question 21

MEIA:

- Proportionality

Answer 21

Direct

Question 22

FIA:

- What does it stand for

Answer 22

Fluorescent Immunoassays

Question 23

FIA:

- What is detected

Answer 23

Fluorescence

Question 24

FIA:

- Homogeneous or Heterogeneous

Answer 24

Heterogeneous

Question 25

FIA:

- Proportionality

Answer 25

Direct Or Indirect

Question 26

FPIA

- What does it stand for

Answer 26

Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay

Question 27

FPIA

- What is detected

Answer 27

Plane Polarized Light

Question 28

FPIA

- Homogeneous or Heterogeneous

Answer 28

Homogeneous

Question 29

FPIA

- Proportionality

Answer 29

indirect

Question 30

FPIA

- most common fluorescent label

Answer 30

FITC

Question 31

Chemiluminescence

- what is detected

Answer 31

Visible light produced from labels after a base is added are measured by luminometer

Question 32

Chemiluminescence

- Proportionality

Answer 32

direct

Question 33

Chemiluminescence

- two common labels

Answer 33

Luminol or acridinium ester