Immune System

Question 1

Regions of antibody

Answer 1

Constant region - same for all antibodies of that type
Variable region and hyper variable region - different for antibodies of that type
- about 1-1 specificity

Question 2

What is an epitope?

Answer 2

• specific region of antibody that binds specific antigen

Question 3

WBC vs RBC nucleation and production:

Answer 3

• WBC are nucleated, different types
• RBC no nucleus
• both produced in bone marrow

Question 4

Different types of WBC:

Answer 4

Neutrophils: most abundant 60%, phagocyte pathogens

Lymphocytes: 30%, three different types

Monocytes: 5%, largest and differentiate into other cell types

Eosinophils: parasitic

Basophils and Mast cells: allergic response, release histamine

Question 5

Different types of Lymphocytes and Monocytes:

Answer 5

T, B, and NK cells > target and destroy more cells

Monocytes > Macs and Dendritic cells

Question 6

What make up granulocytes? What are they?

Answer 6

Similarity of neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

- cytoplasmic granules rich in proteolytic enzymes

Question 7

What can an antigen be? What type of macromolecule?

Answer 7

Lipid, protein, carb

Question 8

What is MHC I expressed on:

Answer 8

Expressed on all self-nucleated cells

Question 9

Expressed on all professional antigen-presenting cells including B cells, Macs, dendritic cells

Answer 9

MHC Class II

Question 10

How do Bacteria infect cells, once digested they are displayed on what type of MHC class receptor of own cells?

Answer 10

Ingested by bacteria and presented to T cells on MHC II receptors of own cells

Question 11

Time of immune antigen presenting cells that phagocytose and tend to be localized in certain parts of body in contact with outside environments, like mucous membranes. Present antigen to helper T cells

Answer 11

Dendritic cells

Question 12

Important site of B cell activation in the spleen:

Answer 12

white pulp

Question 13

Site of lymphocyte maturation?

Answer 13

Thymus

Question 14

4 functions of lymphatic system:

Answer 14

Fluid balance
Transporting bio molecules and cells with lymph (lipid rich)
Connecting and maturing lymphocytes
Collect and return interstitial fluid to circulation

Question 15

Functions of the spleen

Answer 15

filtering of blood, recycling iron, and breaking down old RBCs:

Question 16

T cells that are under-reactive undergo _____ selection :
- don’t respond to putative signals
T cells that are over-reactive undergo ____ selection:
- attack self

Answer 16

Positive selection and negative selection

- this occurs in the thymus

Question 17

MHC1 receptor binds ___ receptor of T cells:

MHC2 receptor binds __ receptor of T cells:

Answer 17

CD8+ surface protein, usually from host cell presenting antigen to cytotoxic T cell

CD4+ surface protein, usually from professional antigen presenting cell—Macs and Dendrites, to helper T cells